tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-51141707580973772092023-11-15T08:38:06.044-08:00Textual analysisJanehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.comBlogger228125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-35680749866463555272020-08-27T08:18:00.001-07:002020-08-27T08:18:07.066-07:00Dramatic irony Essay Example For StudentsEmotional incongruity Essay In his play An Inspector Calls how does Priestley utilize emotional gadgets and language to pass on his interests and support the enthusiasm of the audience?à Priestley composed the play An Inspector Calls in 1945. Priestley was a communist and had the expectation of utilizing the play An Inspector Calls to communicate his communist thoughts. He needed to take out the social progressive system. He utilizes the Birling family to depict an industrialist family, which was basic among the higher classes in 1912. A family who has no consideration for others, and he shows that with the intensity of communism, spoke to by the examiner. The uncomfortable falsehoods put on by the Birling family to conceal their genuine blemishes and how they have rewarded Eva smith, a lady who they viewed as lower class, show that they realize they weren't right. The play is set in 1912, two years before World War 1 and was appeared in theaters during World War II. Along these lines the crowd can identify with the time and would get included. He needed to get the crowd to scrutinize their own profound quality. There are two principle reasons why Priestley composed this play. The principle one being to engage his crowd. The subsequent one was to communicate a perspective. Priestley was extremely basic with those with riches and status who would not recognize how their influence and benefit could antagonistically influence the lives of others less blessed than themselves. He and numerous others considered the to be as a spot where obligation regarding everything is shared by all. The play was wrote in 1945 on the grounds that he needed to caution his crowds of the danger on the off chance that they carried in transit of life in which they were. The play presents two decisions in which they themselves could decide to occur, they could come back to the methods of the Edwardian time or they could push ahead for the best into a superior period. An Inspector Calls is a questioning. It communicates a solid good view purpose of the creator that the rich are conceited, insatiable and ought to be progressively liable for their activities. The play concerns the Birling family, which comprises of Mr and Mrs Birling and their two youngsters Eric and Sheila. Arthur Birling is a rich specialist who appreciates himself, despite the fact that he is all the time wrong. Arthurs family regard him and listen eagerly to his thoughts and musings. Holy needed he crowd to have a low assessment of Mr Birling since he was debilitating his Capitalist governmental issues and attempting to demonstrate individuals like Mr Birling to be to blame. Mrs Birling is very worried about her appearance, she shops practically ordinarily so as to accomplish her best looks. She has exclusive requirements to accomplish being a piece of a rich family in the Edwardian time. Sheila is Mr and Mrs Birlings little girl and is at present drawn in to Gerald Croft, a companion of the family (affluent child of Sir George Croft). Eric is Mr and Mrs Birlings child he is a tanked b kid, in any case, his folks are uninformed of this. Likewise remembered for the play is Eva Smith who has been utilized at Mr Birlings manufacturing plant. The Birling family are a piece of the privileged network. At the opening of the play the Birlings are getting a charge out of a family evening gathering to praise the commitment of Sheila and Gerald. They are having a great time, discussing great occasions and having a giggle and a joke. The doorbell rings, Mr Birling calls for Edna (the house keeper) to answer it. Reviewer Goole has visited them and declares that he is examining the self destruction of a little youngster names Eva Smith. It rises that every individual from the family has assumed an equivalent job in adding to Eva Smiths genuinely influenced life up to where she ended it all. The Inspector interrogates every relative regarding the demise, however they deny any association. A Dolls House EssayDramatic incongruity is utilized a great deal all through as a wellspring of holding the crowds consideration; it is a method of sensationalizing the entire creation. A case of sensational incongruity utilized inside the play is whenever Mr Birling says There isnt a possibility of war. As the play was wrote in 1945, the principal crowds would know beyond all doubt that the World War Two did in certainty happen, along these lines Mr Birling was inappropriate to offer this expression, The Titanic is resilient, completely resilient is another case of emotional incongruity in the play. Mr Birling, in the same way as other others at the time trusted it to be in this way, in any case, a group of people of 1945 and after, of 1945 and subsequent to, having lived past the occasion realize that the realities of history demonstrate this announcement to be extremely off-base. Certain remarks utilized in the play are fit well to when the play was composed, the crowd in this way would have the option to identify with these instances of sensational incongruity, gathering from this that Arthur was exceptionally off-base in his suppositions and may even believe him to be dumb. Mr Birling has been given this picture of being bombastic and self-obstinate on the grounds that J. B Priestley needed individuals to move from the Edwardian time to another and better period. The lighting utilized in the play additionally makes an emotional impact and is utilized by Priestley to pass on his interests. The principle reason for the difference in lighting is to make an alternate state of mind or cause pressure around specific characters. At the point when the Inspector is presented the lighting abandons a quiet pale pink to harder, more brilliant pink. This shows the state of mind is tense and it shows that the Birlings cannot avoid Inspector Goole, the crowd or one another. Their blame at that point gets present among one another. Another sensational gadget Priestley utilizes is sounds. Doorbell impacts are utilized a few times all through the play when characters enter the scene. Each time the ringer rings something is changes significantly, when the Inspector rings the doorbell and is appeared in, for instance, the state of mind of the night changes from being glad to incredibly genuine. What is uncovered is something that the Birlings should live with, realizing that they added to the demise of a little youngster. The ringing of the doorbell is a typical gadget in many homes; accordingly it is a gadget utilized as a regular occasion, when it persistently sounds and something changes significantly it makes an emotional gadget. Someone from the outside world, someone from the lower network enters the Birlings world, inside their own home, somebody who has more force than them in this case. The doorbell rings and the Inspector shows up following Mr Birling has given his discourse, When things are so a lot simpler, is that a man needs to make his own specific manner, needs to take care of himself - and his family as well, obviously, when he has one-thus long as he does that he wont come to much mischief. The Inspector showing up shows that Mr Birling has not taken care of his family like he said. Eric is a tanked man, obscure as far as anyone is concerned and the remainder of his family has something to escape each other about the passing of Eva Smith. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-62331735133838071842020-08-22T11:14:00.001-07:002020-08-22T11:14:37.320-07:00Essay --Identified with this Management Project various particular scholarly articles and writing has been perused to increase significant understanding and complete information about the field of research just as explain hypothetical realities of this undertaking. Moreover, significant writing was gathered to manufacture a hypothetical establishment to respond to the Research addresses expressed previously. Controlling These days ââ¬ËControllingââ¬â¢ is an as often as possible utilized expression in any business and is a determination of ââ¬Ëto (be in) controlââ¬â¢ (Oxford University Press, 2014). Particularly nowadays with a rapidly changing, unpleasant business condition it is of urgent significance to screen and review companiesââ¬â¢ interior procedures. The essential administration capacity of ââ¬ËControllingââ¬â¢ is to (1) build up benchmarks or guidelines, (2) look at real execution against them, and (3) make remedial move, whenever required (Oxford University Press, 2014). As indicated by the University of Louisiana (2008), Controls are any activities taken by the administration to improve the probability that built up objectives and targets are accomplished. Inner Control Inside cordiality activities administrators need precise and consistently current data, gave by the executives bookkeeping frameworks, to have the option to do their obligations successfully. These data will be utilized by the administrators to actualize new techniques and for dynamic to upgrade the proficiency of activities, to protect resources, to drive deals just as augmenting the productivity of the business (Chibili, 2010). The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, called AICPA, has characterized ââ¬ËInternal Controlsââ¬â¢ as, ââ¬Å"Internal control includes the arrangement of association and the entirety of the facilitate techniques received inside a business to protect its benefit... ...well as guidelines of an association (Chibili, 2010). Control exercises can be of various sorts. They are named order, safeguard or analyst. Mandate controls are those intended to build up wanted results; safeguard controls are intended to forestall blunders, abnormalities or unwanted occasions from happening; and criminologist controls are those intended to recognize and address unfortunate occasions which have happened. Order control exercises These are exercises intended to control a business towards selected wanted results. Generally mandate controls are molded as composed systems, rules, approaches, laws and guidelines. (State University of New York - New Paltz, 2005) Furthermore inner preparing classes, gatherings just as sets of responsibilities plot a mandate control power. (College of Louisina, 2008) Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-41555960211263932412020-08-21T08:56:00.001-07:002020-08-21T08:56:33.189-07:00Blog Archive MBA News UCLA Anderson Wants to Go Private Blog Archive MBA News UCLA Anderson Wants to Go Private According to an article in Fortune magazine, the UCLA Anderson Graduate School of Management wants to give up any state funding to become self-sufficient. Dean Judy Olian is in favor of the change, hoping for the autonomy to raise tuition and hire star faculty members at higher salaries without worrying about appropriations debates in the California legislature. The business school would still have administrative and curricular ties to UCLA, though opponents of the change worry the shift is really privatization in disguise and could diminish the asset value of the school as a whole, sending the wrong message about the spirit of a public university. Considering that only 6% of the business schools annual budget comes from the state, self-sufficiency already appears to be looming. If the change is approved, Anderson would be following in the footsteps of the University of Virginias Darden School of Business, which cut state funding almost a decade ago. Since then, Dardens student body and tuition have increased, and the school actually pays about 10% of its revenue to the central university, keeping the school from being considered private. Share ThisTweet News University of California Los Angeles (Anderson) Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-76181143754591226442020-05-25T12:44:00.001-07:002020-05-25T12:44:03.853-07:00The Most Beautiful Pieces Of Music - 1345 Words How is it possible to create some of the most beautiful pieces of music the world has ever heard and the creator not be able to hear it himself? The world of music has seen many memorable composers such as Bach, Mozart, Chopin, and Vivaldi, but none has as amazing a story as Ludwig Van Beethoven. ââ¬Å"His life played out like one of his beautiful symphonies, with unimaginable highs, lows, victories, and defeats,â⬠(Viegas 5). Ludwig Van Beethoven was an 18th century classical composer famous for his nine symphonies, and is also recognized as one of the cornerstones of Western civilization through the legacy of his music. Ludwig Van Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany. He was the son of Johann, a tenor of the court of the Elector of Cologne, who also taught violin and piano lessons, and the grandson of the man he was named after, who was the music director at the court of the Elector of Cologne. His mother, Maria, was the daughter of a cook and was never truly accepted by Johannââ¬â¢s father as his wife because of her social status. It is believed that Johannââ¬â¢s marriage to her defied his father. There is no record of his date of birth, but there is a record of the day he was baptised - December 17, 1770. In Roman Catholic tradition, a child is baptised the day after their birth, so it is commonly believed that Beethovenââ¬â¢s date of birth is December 16, 1770. He was the oldest of two other siblings - two other boys, Kasper Anton Karl, and Nikolaus Johann. An emotionally and sociallyShow MoreRelatedBiography Of Ludwig Van Beethoven s Moonlight Sonata 1635 Words à |à 7 PagesVan Beeth oven is one of the single most decorated composers and musicians in the history of mankind. The legendary German composer, though long deceased today, has left us with dozens and dozens of works composed and played by him for us to marvel at and understand the true meaning of music. Mainly known for his work and compositions with the piano, he composed pieces to be performed with multiple different instruments. My goal, however, is to explore one of the most popular compositions that he wroteRead MoreTranscultural Exoticism Essay981 Words à |à 4 PagesWestern music has changed immensely and almost immeasurably over time. From the evolution of homophonic church songs, to the beautiful polyphonic music that wowed the church elite at the council of Trent. 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Absolute music is primarily instrumental Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-45163181140259030122020-05-14T19:38:00.001-07:002020-05-14T19:38:03.795-07:00Data Mining Essay - 4465 Words Data Mining With the increased and widespread use of technologies, interest in data mining has increased rapidly. Companies are now utilized data mining techniques to exam their database looking for trends, relationships, and outcomes to enhance their overall operations and discover new patterns that may allow them to better serve their customers. Data mining provides numerous benefits to businesses, government, society as well as individual persons. However, like many technologies, there are negative things that caused by data mining such as invasion of privacy right. This paper tries to explore the advantages as well as the disadvantages of data mining. In addition, the ethical and global issues regarding the use of data miningâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Before a data set can be mined, it first has to be ?cleaned?. This cleaning process removes errors, ensures consistency and takes missing values into account. Next, computer algorithms are used to ?mine? the clean data looking for un usual patterns. Finally, the patterns are interpreted to produce new knowledge.3 How data mining can assist bankers in enhancing their businesses is illustrated in this example. Records include information such as age, sex, marital status, occupation, number of children, and etc. of the bank?s customers over the years are used in the mining process. First, an algorithm is used to identify characteristics that distinguish customers who took out a particular kind of loan from those who did not. Eventually, it develops ?rules? by which it can identify customers who are likely to be good candidates for such a loan. These rules are then used to identify such customers on the remainder of the database. Next, another algorithm is used to sort the database into cluster or groups of people with many similar attributes, with the hope that these might reveal interesting and unusual patterns. Finally, the patterns revealed by these clusters are then interpreted by the data miners, in collaboration with bank personnel.4 ADVANTAGES OF DATA MINING Marking/Retailing Data mining can aid direct marketers by providing them with useful and accurate trends aboutShow MoreRelatedData And Of Data Mining Essay2291 Words à |à 10 PagesINTRODUCTION Generally, data mining (sometimes called data or knowledge discovery) is the process of analyzing data from different perspectives and summarizing it into useful information - information that can be used to increase revenue, cuts costs, or both. Data mining software is one of a number of analytical tools for analyzing data. It allows users to analyze data from many different dimensions or angles, categorize it, and summarize the relationships identified. Technically, data mining is the processRead MoreData Mining2058 Words à |à 9 Pagesï » ¿ Data Mining Melody McIntosh Dr. Janet Durgin Information Systems for Decision Making December 8, 2013 Introduction Data mining, or knowledge discovery, is the computer-assisted process of digging through and analyzing enormous sets of data and then extracting the meaning of the data. Data mining tools predict behaviors and future trends, allowing businesses to make proactive, knowledge- driven decisions Although data mining is stillRead MoreData Mining16277 Words à |à 66 PagesAbstract. Data mining is concerned with analysing large volumes of (often unstructured) data to automatically discover interesting regularities or relationships which in turn lead to better understanding of the underlying processes. 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In this challenging world, there is a high demand to work efficiently without risk of losing any tiny information which might be very important in future. Hence there is need to create large volumes of data which needs to be stored and explored for future analysis. I am always fascinated to know how this large amount of data is handled, stored in databases and manipulated to extract useful informationRead MoreData Mining Research On Text Mining2851 Words à |à 12 PagesAbstract Mining valuable patterns in different data streams have been a significant research area in data mining research during the last decade. There are several proposed techniques for data mining that have been developed for mining patterns from different text documents. But to determine the method in which the patterns are discovered effectively is a popular issue in data mining research including text mining area. Most of the popular methods in text mining make use of term-based methodology Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-47279079720987024912020-05-06T15:37:00.001-07:002020-05-06T15:37:16.930-07:00John Locke, Mill, And Rousseau - 946 Words The state is a political consortium consisting of citizens that establish a community with a purpose or objective in the concern of itââ¬â¢s affiliates. In many cases, the government requires us to adhere to certain edicts and mandates according to their adjudication. Should we in fact comply with these ordinances? Why must we obey the state? Is there are a reason compelling enough to do what others say is best? I will be looking at the beliefs of Locke, Mill, and Rousseau to help answer the inquiry. I believe that we should not have to submit to an authority under any circumstances. What is a life worth living if you do not have the entitlement to disenthrallment? There is no rationale in duress. Citizens are independent people regardless ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦There is also very good opportunity for corruption of the government if they have the power to persuade their followers that their ill intentioned requests are Godââ¬â¢s word. Blindly following the herd becaus e of your devotion to faith is, quite frankly, one of the most uninformed decisions you could possibly make. John Stuart Mill was an enormously influential philosopher in nineteenth century Britain. Unlike Locke, he was to a greater extent focused on utilitarianism and harm reduction. (Heydt, 2006) Utilitarianism, or the doctrine that actions are right and moral if they benefit the majority, should compel the person to do the ââ¬Å"right thingâ⬠. When an action is right, it promotes positive reaction among the individuals and if it is wrong, it will do the opposite. (Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 2015) Everything considered, Mill opined following the state was the morally right thing to do. But realistically, how many people would consider giving up their own personal gain for the gain of others? Humans are fairly gluttonous beings and to expect them to give up what matters to them in the interest of others is not a viable option. Not only is this an issue, but if something is detrimental to one or more persons in the group, would it not be ruinous to the community as a whole by upsett ing the balance and tenor of an area within the community? What Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-91290331921583263992020-05-05T17:40:00.001-07:002020-05-05T17:40:10.394-07:00Campbell Soup Company Question: Discuss about theCampbell Soup Company. Answer: Introduction Campbell Soup is an American owned company specializing in soups and related products with annual sales of approximately $8 billion ("Campbell's Soup Home," 2017). Campbell soup is driven with the passion for providing healthy food to its customers and providing them with the connection in life through shared memories. The companys famous slogan is Nourishing peoples lives everywhere, every day. ("Campbell's Soup Home," 2017). Overview of Vision and Mission Campbell has clear mission and vision statement which has been the key drivers and directors of the companys growth and progress over the years. Campbells mission statement is Together we will build the worlds most extraordinary food company by nourishing peoples lives everywhere, every day. ("Campbell's Soup Home," 2017) From the mission statement, it illustrates that Campbell Soup Company is dedicated to nourishing peoples lives through offering them variety, affordable, delicious and food choices that will help them live balanced lives through a healthy diet. At Campbell food matters to them and their vision is to be word leaders in the manufacturer of high-quality beverages and foods which have been a culture for the past 148 years since the company was started. Under the current leadership of Denise Morrison, she has added more sense to the companys vision as a way of adapting to the changing forces in the market through adding the clause that Campbell will be a leader in produc tion through creativity and innovation in the industry. External Analysis of Campbell Soup Company Through conducting an external review of Campbells competitive environment, it is easier to predict the dynamics of the competitors, intentions, and responses which can help in understanding how the industry and the market are behaving as a way of competing effectively (Henry, 2008). PEST Analysis A PEST analysis will assist in identifying the opportunities and threats in the food industry as well as developing strategies that will help the company in growing even in a tough time when Campbell is reporting declining sales. Political Factors Most recent there have been strict regulations by the government on GMO foods, and this has made the consumers shift to organic foods which present as an opportunity to Campbell soup. The government has also been on the front line through signing free trade agreements which present as an opportunity to Campbell to go international. Economic Factors Campbell can grow based on a stabilizing economy and the rising rate of employment in U.S and other countries it operates in. However, the increasing rate of labor in developing nations presents a significant threat to the companys supply chain because it leads to high selling prices in the stores. Campbell must develop new strategies to mitigate against the issue. Sociocultural Factors Campbell can grow by offering high-quality products that will satisfy its customers lifestyle. The company also can take advantage of the increasing cultural diversity through coming up with a product mix that will meet the needs of the target customers. Campbell needs to devise a strategy that will ensure consistent growths despite the gaps in wealth. Technological Factors Campbell has the opportunity of utilizing technology to produce innovative products that will help them in matching the competition. Denise Morrison has adjusted the Campbell soup companys vision to Creating innovative products through technology as a way of addressing the market challenges and trends. Environmental Factors With increased levels of global warming, the production of organic foods is threatened by deteriorating climate conditions which present a significant threat to Campbell's business life. From the global warming situation, it shows that Campbell needs to have a strategy that will ensure an adequate supply chain. Legal Factors Campbell adopts more sound environmental policies, but it needs to improve its brand image. The recently implemented antitrust laws is a threat to the companys mergers and acquisition missions as a way of expanding. Campbell needs to develop other growth strategies that are away from the acquisition in the U.S region. Porters Five Forces Analysis In analyzing the external competitive environment that Campbell soup company is in the industry a Porter five forces analysis is a useful tool. Competitive Rivalry within the Industry In the food industry, the competition is very stiff as companies compete for quality, health factors, price, product benefits and innovation (The Food Processing Industry, 2010). Campbells primary rivals are Heinz Company, Nestle, General Millis, Kraft foods, and Progresso. Campbell being a multinational company it faces competition both locally and internationally due to the production of similar products in the industry. Of concern is the rise of companies that offer soup products for lower prices which increase the pressure. Despite the tight competition Campbell continues to produce quality soup as a way of weakening the rivalry. To be on the same level Campbell has to produce superior soup and other products to distinguish itself. Threat of New Entrants The ability of a new entrant into a market depends on the existing entry barriers created by the companies in the industry (Wheelen Hunger, 2007). Campbell Companys primary rivals are Kraft Foods and General Mills who have created a substantial barrier through high levels of promotion and advertising. Small companies have difficulty in entering the market as they fight for shelf space in the main retailers. The Threat of Substitute Products The risk of companies that offer replacement products is very high in the food industry. For instance, the recent case is Campbell Soup is facing slow rates of growth due to declining demand for soup products as they are being replaced by substitutes such as Pizza which have become more popular over the recent years. Bargaining Power of Buyers Consumers influence the industry due to their ability to influence prices, quality, and services of the food which creates a window to play competitors against each other. Pricing greatly affects the consumers purchasing decision, and for Campbell, it keeps the prices 20 to 25% higher than other brands in the market. Hence consumers opt for the generic brands. Campbell will have to lower its prices to attract and retain its customers, or it will force its customers to move to substitute products. Bargaining Power of Suppliers The quality of products that suppliers offer significantly influences their barging powers. Campbell ensures it uses quality products from suppliers and this comes at a cost which has forced Campbell to use diversity program as a way of diversifying its supplier base which now stands at $129 million (Campbell CSR, 2015). Internal Analysis SWOT Analysis Strengths Campbell Soup Company has consistent sales over the past five years. With more technological advancement more opportunities will present themselves. With the increased globalization levels it means more products will be sold internationally hence more market opportunities. Weakness With high levels of inflation the gross profit and revenues were affected. The soup market is becoming more competitive as days continue. Opportunities The increasing number of emerging economies presents new markets to the company that will facilitate proper growth. The company continues to expand in other integrations such as Bolthouse presents business growth in the future. Threats The share capital of condensed soup is declining everyday which presents a loss of revenue in the near future. The number of laws enacted to regulate meat products are creating setbacks to the company. Competitive Analysis Campbell soups top on the list competitors are Mondelez International, Heinz Kraft Foods Company and general mills. The company continues to receive worldwide competition on all its products. The competition exists in the number of products that the company delivers to its customers. The number of competitors in the industry fight for market share and the consumer dollars. The key areas of competition to the company are price, advertising, convenience, taste and brand recognition. Campbell soup lost 4% of its market share by the end of 2016 (CSI Market, 2016). Recommendation and Conclusion From the case study, Campbell soup has been having fears over the transition from Donald to Denise Morrison as the new CEO. In a time when Campbell is facing declining sales due to stiff market competition as it can be seen in porters five force model a more experienced CEO is required. Campbell is a tough time when it is facing fierce competition within the industry as major competitors are becoming stronger and the threat of substitute is high. Based on PESTEL analysis model, Campbell Soup Company has many opportunities to grow both locally and internationally. However, there are notable threats such as global warming, the rising labor cost and increasing wealth gap in developing nations. Through diversification, Campbell soup can be able to mitigate against the threats presented in the developing nation's market. Moreover, Campbell can expand internationally as a way of addressing the antitrust law that was passed recently. In general, the PESTLE analysis shows that Campbell has t he potential to grow even in the middle of tough transition process of the leader Denise Morrison. References Campbell Soup Company, About Us, online, retrieved 9 April 2017, https://www.campbellsoupcompany.com/about_us.asp Campbell Soup Co Comparisons to its Competitors, Market share and Competitiveness by Segment - CSIMarket. (2017). Csimarket.com. Retrieved 9 April 2017, from https://csimarket.com/stocks/compet_glance.php?code=CPB Food Processing Industry,(2010), retrieved 9 April 9, 2017, https://www.miti.gov.my/cms/documentstorage/com.tms.cms.document.Document_7674150a-c0a81573-2d952d95-c9439446/Chap%2019.pdf Haberberg, A. and Rieple, A. (2001) The Strategic Management of Organizations, Essex: Pearson Education Limited. Henry, A (2008), Understanding Strategic Management, Oxford University Press, New York United States Strategic Management: Concepts Cases: Competitiveness Globalization: Competitiveness and Globalization. (2015). Florence: Cengage Learning. Wheelen T.L, Hunger J.D, Concepts in Strategic Management and Business Policy,(2007), tenth edition, Pearson Prentice Hall, United States of America Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-62092839389590194332020-04-10T14:03:00.001-07:002020-04-10T14:03:03.102-07:00Transformational Leadership in Human Resource Management Introduction The business environment is highly dynamic. High stakes in management have been raised rendering the traditional management theories ineffective and compelling new revitalized approach to organizational management. The human capital is the most important agent of change, innovation, and excellence in service in todayââ¬â¢s business environment (Burns, 1979, p. 56).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Transformational Leadership in Human Resource Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, human resource management is no longer regarded as a factor of production but a business partner in the pursuit of the goals and objectives of organizations. This research proposal highlights the change in human resource management required given the current trends in business. Transformational leadership is the required ingredient to human resource management for effective realization of organizational goals. Discussion Organizations have realized that human capital is the most important driver for change to the extent that it facilitates the creation and maintenance of sustainable competitive advantage in an organization. Leadership style adopted by an organization is an important people management factor that the style of leadership as indicated by Bass et al. (2003, p. 102) sets the tone in every aspect of people management from performance management to organizational culture adopted and practiced everyday in the workplace. A study by Hay Foundation as explained in Berman et al. (2006, p. 99) examined over 75 components that promote employee satisfaction. It identified trust and confidence in leadership as the most important factors of promoting employee satisfaction and job commitment. The study also showed that effective communication was the most important leadership vehicle for winning workersââ¬â¢ loyalty, trust and confidence. The classical theories are no longer applicable in the management of people and specifically employees in organizations. These theories were autocratic and failed to realize that human capital has an important role to play in the performance and growth of an organization. Many organizations have embarked on using a modern theory of transformational leadership in managing their employees. According to Inkson Kolb (2002, p. 69), one of the theories that successful organizations have adopted in the recent past is transformational theory. Transformational theory makes possible for individuals to redefinition of vision and mission, and refocuses on their pledge and the reformation of their systems for objective achievement. ââ¬Å"A relationship of mutual stimulation and elevation converts followers into leaders and may convert leaders into moral agentsâ⬠(Samson Raft, 2008, p. 79). It is a process where leaders and followers create a mutual and collective approach to management by emphasizing upon one philosophy, vision, high standards of morality and performance. Transformational leadership style essentially transforms every worker into a leader; it is squarely pegged on egalitarian culture, empathy and self ââ¬â management.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The use of this type of leadership inhuman resource management will guide organizations to higher levels of performance. The modern organization employing transformational type of leadership usually applies its four components to their management styles to produce excellent out come for the organizations. According to Samson Raft (2009, p. 80), transformational leadership can be applied in the top management of the organization. To begin with, the management should act as role models to inspire and motivate the employees. Through the application of charisma, the management will depict admirable behavior towards employees. They can also in spire and motivate their employees by coming up with vision and mission for the organization that include employees. By making the employees internalize the goals of the company, the human resource management can match the goals of organization and employeesââ¬â¢ goals therefore making them achievable (Burns, 1979, p. 121). Human resource management ensures that there is a good compensation package for employees. According to Berman, (2006), when a company is doing well financially by generating more revenue, it commits a substantial part of it to improve the working conditions of its employees as well as raising their salaries. It also employs the best human resource personnel that manage the employee welfare well. Additionally, they improve working conditions so that employees find no reason to complain again. Through promotion strategies, employees gain a sense of belonging and they feel they are valued hence better performance of an organization. The employment of an effectiv e human resource management team is very important. Best performing organizations have efficient and effective human resource management skills. This has enabled increased communication in such organizations thus reducing the cases of employee-employer misunderstanding. According to Samson Raft (2009), an effective human resource management is vital for the dealing with case of collective bargaining. An organization with an effective human resource management rarely experiences strike. The effective management takes into consideration core values like putting the employee first. This is because the employee is a factor of production like capital and the output of the firm is because of the employeesââ¬â¢ hard work. Therefore, the employeesââ¬â¢ needs and values should be seriously handled (Samson Raft, 2009). The human resource management should challenge employeesââ¬â¢ assumptions while stimulating and encouraging creativity at the work place. Above all, the employees sh ould be appreciated for their achievements. The human resource management should come up with mechanisms to recognize, appreciate, and reward extraordinary employee efforts at the work place. This will encourage more productivity and lead to higher performance of the organization.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Transformational Leadership in Human Resource Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Winkler (2009, p. 145) argues that through the employment of the four major components of transformational leadership in the organization, employees will be transformed to leaders in their respective fields of work and all parties will benefit the organization, the management and the employees. The organization will increase its competitive advantage and therefore become more profitable. Higher profits will translate to higher rewards to employees and the management in terms of better compensation packages. Conclusi on The world has changed with globalization and technology transforming the business environment. Many organizations have now turned to transformational management for human resource management. This is because the use of this type of leadership enables organizations to change their employees into leaders in their field of specialization and therefore increasing the competitiveness of the organization. The four components of transformational leadership are applied in shaping the employees and matching their goals to those of the organization. The management acts as role models and employees follow, as the competitive advantage is increase leading to the benefit of all parties (the employees, the management, and the organization). References Bass, B. et al. (2003). Predicting unit performance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88 (2), 207-218. Berman, M., James, S., Jonathan, P. Montgomery, W. (2006). Human Resource Management in Public Service: Paradoxes, Processes, and Problems. New York, NY: Sage Publications. Burns, J. (1979). Leadership. New York, NY: Prentice Hall. Inkson, K. Kolb, D. (2002). Management: perspectives for New Zealand. 3rd Ed. New York, NY: Prentice Hall.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Samson, D. Raft, R. (2009). Management: Asia pacific edition. 3rd Ed. Victoria: Cengage. Winkler, I. (2009). Contemporary leadership theories: Enhancing the understanding of the complexity, subjectivity, and dynamic of leadership. Philadelphia, PL: WB Saunders Press. This essay on Transformational Leadership in Human Resource Management was written and submitted by user Alia Craft to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-76878091965402759732020-03-09T23:43:00.001-07:002020-03-09T23:43:03.080-07:00Celta application form Essay ExampleCelta application form Essay Example Celta application form Essay Celta application form Essay Essay Topic: College application Universal Jorge Tattooed Logan, 2007-2010 During my thesis at the university, I worked as a teaching assistant with undergraduate students. I worked on several microbiology laboratories. Activities generally consisted in explaining the theory for a certain technique or procedure, followed by practical exercises. My responsibilities included assisting students with equipment (measuring, handling), reviewing workflow charts and assisting the professor. Microbiology laboratories are quite demanding and due to safety measures, one must make sure the students follow the protocols and workflow precisely. Finch el Highern, Santa Elena, Ecuador From mid-2010 until 2013 lived on the coast of Ecuador near Quailing. During this time I worked on an agricultural project where students from a local school (College tectonic De Santa Elena) visited the farm once a week to practice what they had learned at school. Activities included equipment instructions, agricultural practices, crop planning, plant growth etc. Activities were conducted during a whole school year. What other work experience do you have? Have had several jobs in customer service and logistics. I have worked for English campaigns in the USA such us Compact and Att. Do you have any other professional training? Yes No If Yes, outline here: Customer service Operations Carpentry and Masonry OTHER INFORMATION Please indicate any health concerns that may be pertinent to your application: None Is there any other information you think is worth mentioning? How did you hear about the courses at International House Bogota;? Internet Will you need help with accommodation? Yes OTHER APPLICATIONS Have you previously applied for a CELT course at any centre? Yes If yes what was the outcome of your application/interview? Approved Are you applying to centers other than II Bogota;? British Council IMPORTANT: Please note that acceptance on a course does not mean a place has been reserved for you. To ensure a place the full fee must be paid no later than six weeks before the start of the course. Fees are not transferable or refundable. I have read and accepted the above conditions. Signed: Arturo Date: 4/15/2015 PLEASE KEEP A COPY OF THIS FORM ONCE YOU HAVE LADLED IT IN. Pre-intent. IEEE task: CELT at II Bogota; Name: Arturo Hypes 1. LEARNING There is a lot to learn about teaching in a very short period of time. How would you characterize yourself as a learner? I believe my learning style is a blend between visual and kinesthesia. As input, like for information to be presented visually; reading written dialogues while Im listening helps retaining information. I am also a hands on person and therefore I learn by doing it. I believe on the effectiveness of an empirical approach depending on the topic. B) W hat is your preferred learning style? For example: 1. Watch it done and copy it 2. Read the theory of it and try to apply it 3. Try it out and get feedback on it 4. Work it out for yourself 5. Or My style would be a combination between number 1 and 2. Depends on the topic and the task. 2. TEACHING Answer the following in 2 or 3 sentences: i. How would you get students talking in class? An effective introduction with positive attitude and a smile is a start. It is important to start with a low level of complexity, start building empathy and provide students with enough information for them to fill confident. Then I would continue asking questions, listening carefully in order to keep asking questions based on what they have said. Ii. What are some of the reasons for and against teaching grammar rules? Reasons Against: grammar based lessons dont lead to oral fluency, language is acquired rather than learned. Reasons for: grammar is De backbone of a language, bringing an idea to its full extension needs the underlying structure of grammar. Iii. How important is listening and reading when learning a foreign language? One needs a massive input of data to learn a language fluently, this helps to develop language intuition, while bringing and incorporating new words into the speech. Iv. What is a good way of teaching vocabulary? Some effective ways for teaching vocabulary are: guessing the meaning wrought the context Of a lecture. The Odd word out, where a list Of 4-5 words contains one that does not fit. Match the opposites. 2 lists of words the first list should contain adjectives and the second the opposite of those adjectives. V. What are the main reasons for and against correcting students mistakes? Reasons for: most students do want to have some of their mistakes corrected as it gives them a basis for improvement. Letting errors pass means that bad habits become persistent. Reasons against: over-correcting may cause a student to lose motivation or to stop talking for fear of being wrong. It can also interrupt the flow of the class or activity, making a pause on every mistake to correct. 3. THE TEACHER a. In your opinion, which of the following jobs would best prepare a person for language teaching (choose one only): sports coach tour group leader driving instructor actor/actress Why? Social worker lecturer sales person nurse Multiple interactions with different kinds of people can lead to learn different accents, words, slang etc. Which helps to develop a more richer language. B. In the light of the above, why do you think YOU are suited to language teaching? Ive been interested in the English language and due to my school and university Ive studying it for most of my life. I am also an open minded individual with excellent interpersonal relationships and lots of stamina, which in my opinion can help develop good relations with students. 4. TEACHER TALK ORe-phrase the following teacher talk in language that an elementary learner might understand. O. If you wouldnt mind opening your books to page 23, please. Please open your books and go to page 23. D. What might you ask someone if you wanted to find out how to get to the cost office? What would you say to someone if you need help finding the post office? O. Jot down the answers and then swap with your neighbor. Write down the answer and then exchange it with the person next to you. 5. LANGUAGE AWARENESS 000000000. Which is the odd one out in each group, and why? O. The babys bottle. The nations struggle. The teachers absent. The nurses pay. The governments defeat. The teachers absent is the odd one out because it refers to something happening in the present. The apostrophe is used as a contraction for the teacher is. While in the others is used as a possessive. 0. 0 The plane was hi-jacked by a woman. The tourists were attacked by a gang. The soldier was hit by a bullet. The trains collided by a river. Three hundred people were killed by the earthquake. Why? The by on the sentence is being used in the sense of beside meaning the trains collided at the side of a river or next to it. The others are using it in the sense of through the action of 0. 0 She must have lost the address. Alan must have been here too. That must have been awful. The thieves must have got in through the window. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-2572159530056924842020-02-22T14:10:00.001-08:002020-02-22T14:10:02.687-08:00Jesus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsJesus - Essay Example Paul certainly made a concerted effort to distance the persona of Jesus from His Jewish background, by elevating Him to a supernatural and transcendent platform. While addressing his Corinthian congregations, Paul says that "If Christ has not been raised, then our proclamation has been in vain and our faith has been in vain. If Christ has not been raised, your faith is futile and you are still in your sins (1 Cor. 15:14, 17). 2. The most rampant misconception about Judaism in the academic and theological circles is that the Jewish theology and law happens to be an utterly monolithic entity that is devoid of all the versatility and elements of dissent, the attributes so essential to claim validity and social and popular acceptance in the modern world. Not only is this impression far from reality, but utterly dilutes the reality that like other valid religions, Judaism is a living, vibrating and ever evolving religion that is seriously sensitive to the needs of the times and the altering aspirations of the masses. Ample evidence pertaining to this fact exists in the Jewish religious texts. Several learned and influential sources have done their best to establish that Judaism is basically misogynistic and is peculiarly harsh to the issues and problems faced by the women in the past and the present. Many people believe that Jesus' injunctions against divorce were an attempt to safeguard the women of His times against the injustices of the Jewish laws. The fact is that prejudices rampant against women in the times of Jesus were not peculiar to Judaism only, but were a generalized phenomenon that was common to the Jewish and non-Jewish societies of those days. Hence, misogynist tendencies cannot be solely attributed to the Jews, when the Church itself has its share of prejudices against women and other marginalized segments of the society. 3. The Liberation Theology and the World Council of Churches can definitely re-fabricate their version of Christianity to be more contemporary so as to extend their scope for justice and reconciliation to incorporate a Jewish context, by accepting the Jewish background of Jesus to begin with. 4. Levin's message of interfaith dialogue seems to be in consonance with Jesus' understanding of religion as Jesus assessed the faithful by their conduct, which left ample scope for the participation of non-Christians. However, this does not hold true for Paul's understanding of religion. 5. A. A Marcionite is a person who recognizes Jesus to be the savior sent by God and regards Paul to be His chief apostle, but is intolerant of Yahweh and Hebrew Bible. B. Constantine I also known as Constantine the great was the first Roman emperor who was affiliated to Christianity. C. A Gnostic is a person who owed allegiance to a series of religions that originated in the antiquity, which had elaborate and sometimes contradictory belief systems. The Jewish mystical studies of Kabbalah owe a lot to Gnostic ideas. D. Shema stands for an affirmation of the Jewish faith and a firm belief in one God. Jews are expected to say Shema in the morning and at night. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-61238037150009972542020-02-06T06:57:00.001-08:002020-02-06T06:57:04.030-08:00Design Proposal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsDesign Proposal - Assignment Example John Hopkins evidenced based model provides a strong and powerful problem-solving approach when making decision in the clinical setting. Tools that are user-friendly accompany it. The tools are for guiding group and individual users. Nurses should utilize the model because it has been designed to attainà the needs of theà nurseà practising. It is a very important framework that guides the synthesis and translation of evidence into clinical practice. Mechanically ventilated patients are susceptible to pneumonia resulting in a higher rate of getting complications and mortality. There is an increased risk of acquiring nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients due to supine positioning. As a result of acquiring nosocomial pneumonia, the cost involved in treatment increases and the length of hospitalization is also increased. Patientsà critically ill inà theà ICUà are at a risk of dying from their critical illness as well as a secondary process such as nosocomial pneumonia. Nosocomial pneumonia affects 28 percent of the critically ill patients with an incidence rate of 6 to 10 cases in 1000 hospital admissions. For this reason, proper patient positioning is very essential. Collaborationà and teamwork areà crucialà to the success of the project. My team will be composed of five key members. Among them will include an intensive care doctor with training onà careà ofà the critically ill patients and a registered critical care nurse with special training in critical care of the critically ill patients. The two specialists will provide resourceful knowledge on care of the patients. A nurse educator will also be incorporated in the team to provide education on the importance proper positioning of the patients and an ICU respiratory therapist who are important in patient rehabilitation to recovery from respiratory conditions. The last team member will be a physiotherapist who will be focused on promoting Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-88520702529563881222020-01-28T17:47:00.001-08:002020-01-28T17:47:06.235-08:00Family Systems and Healthy Development Essay Example for Free Family Systems and Healthy Development Essay Healthy development is generally understood as the progressive physical, emotional, cognitive and social maturation that takes place in a personââ¬â¢s life from conception onwards into adulthood. This process is further influenced by a continuous whirlwind of biological and environmental factors. Of the numerous environmental factors that an individual encounters over the course of the life span, it is clear to see family systems play a significant role and can be extremely impactful on the developmental process. To gain a better understanding of the impact of family on healthy development, it is worthwhile to consider the various family structures that exist in our culture. The portrait of the family in todayââ¬â¢s society is no longer rigidly defined by marriage, which is characterized by a two parent household with children; rather there are increasing numbers of single parents, teen parents, divorced parents and same-sex couple parents. ââ¬Å"Sometimes we forget the great variety of forms, not only of the families living amongst us, but also those presented in scripture. There are single person families like Mary, Martha, and their brother Lazarus. There are families experiencing difficulties like Joseph and his brothers, or broken families seeking new life like Naomi and Ruthâ⬠(Way, 2003). Of the various forms that the family structure can take, one consistent factor that is crucial for the facilitation of healthy development is family stability. Parental mental competence, stable-loving caregivers, positive or negative parenting are all factors that contribute to the establishment of the stability of the family unit. The home environment is arguably one of the most important facets of an individualââ¬â¢s childhood growth and development. When there is structure and stability children tend to thrive and are more self-aware and assertive, versus when there is little to no stability the opposite effect can be expected to occur. ââ¬Å"When disruptions in the stability of the family environment occur, youthsââ¬â¢ ability to develop adequate à self-control skills may be compromised, leading to both internalizing and externalizing problems (Malatras Israel, 2013). Though there are notable differences in the childrearing practices around the world there are marked similarities that exist in the context of determining a healthy family unit. It is helpful to consider socioeconomic status, parental contributions and involvement, sibling relationships, family history and cultural norms when trying to determine the overall health of a family system. Factors such as warmth, emotional availability, routine activities such as predictable bed or mealtime activities, religious observances and communication are of considerable importance when evaluating the health of a family system in the Western culture. However in other cultures such as the Caribbean there is less emphasis placed on the feelings of warmth and emotional connections and more on discipline, control and behavior management. Children in the Caribbean are expected to perform adult responsibilities at a much earlier age than their American counterparts. For example in a study conducted on child health in Jamaica ââ¬Å"at the age of four or five, children of both sexes begin doing household chores such as sweeping, mopping, floor polishing, and caring for younger childrenâ⬠(Sargent Harris, 1992). Children are also expected to complete tasks such as cooking and laundry as early as the age of seven. Within the constraints of cultural norms, one can say that a healthy family system is one in which the developing child can thrive physically and emotionally and is on track to becoming a functional member of that society. In the same way that a healthy family system can assist an individual in becoming self-sufficient and aware; there are negative impacts that can occur when there are breakdowns in the foundation of the family. For example in families where psychological maltreatment takes place, the effects can be detrimental to the child who as a result may suffer from low self-esteem, lying, misbehavior, and underachievement in school. The impact of abuse on brain development is also profound and has been linked to a reduction in the size of the amygdala and hippocampus later on in adulthood. It is also noted that the fear, terror and stress associated with abuse may also produce permanent changes due to the overstimulation of the limbic system (Feldman, 2014). In conclusion, one can clearly see the vast significance that the role ofà family plays in the physical, spiritual, social and cognitive development of an individual. The family unit is the training ground for life in the world at large and its impact can be either positive or negative. However there are several other factors at work in determining how an individual will handle their life regardless of the cards that they are dealt. For instance a child who grows up in a home where he has been the victim of psychological maltreatment may still have a chance at being a fully functional and contributing member of society due to his resilience and ability to traverse difficult circumstances. Likewise some children who are given all the tools for success, emotional stability and great family environment may still make bad decisions later on in life. The research is unprecedented in its support that healthy family systems, regardless of cultural norms facilitate the production of health y independent adults who are able to thrive in the society of their upbringing. References Feldman, R. S. (2014). Development across the life span (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Malatras, J. W. and Israel, A. C. (2013), The Influence of Family Stability on Self-Control and Adjustment. J. Clin. Psychol., 69: 661ââ¬â670. doi: 10.1002/jclp.21935. Sargent, C., Harris, M. (1992). Gender ideology, childrearing, and child health in Jamaica. American Ethnologist, 19(3), 523-537. Retrieved from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/645199. Way, P. (2003). Family systems. The Clergy Journal, 80(1), 14-15. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/230514795?accountid=12085. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-34645805265099325592020-01-20T14:11:00.001-08:002020-01-20T14:11:02.705-08:00The Falkland Islands Conflict :: Falkland Islands War Independence Essays No one really knows who discovered the Falkland Islands. Nearly every British historian will insist that the English explorer John Davis discovered the islands in 1592(1) while Argentineans typically credit Vespucci, Magellan, or Sebald de Weert. (2) The events of January 2, 1883 are not in dispute, however. On this date, James Onslow, captain of the HMS Clio, dropped anchor just off the Falklands. The next day he went ashore and raised the British flag. (3) This action infuriated the Argentines, who had taken control of the Falklands upon receiving independence from Spain in 1816. With his imperialistic seizure of the islands, Onslow began a sequence of events that would end nearly 150 years later in war. Shortly after the invasion, the Argentine government set out four arguments in favour of their ownership of the Falklands: 1. Argentina ruled all land in the region formerly held by Spain. 2. Spain had purchased the islands from France. 3. Britain had abandoned its claim to the Falklands in a ââ¬Å"secretâ⬠1771 agreement. 4. Britain had abandoned its settlement in West Falkland in 1774.(4) No matter how well formed these arguments may have been, they fell on deaf ears in Britain. Lord Palmerston, the British Foreign Secretary, simply asserted that the Falklands had been British since the initial claim of sovereignty in 1765. (5) Although Argentina remained in a state of official protest, few things changed over the next 132 years. The issue was finally brought to the forefront in 1965 when the United Nations passed Resolution 2065, which called upon Britain and Argentina to come to an agreement on the issue with reasonable speed. (6) With this resolution began what came to be called the ââ¬Å"Seventeen Year Warâ⬠between the two nations. In March 1967 Britain agreed that it might be possible to cede sovereignty of the Falklands to Argentina, as long as the islanders agreed. (7) While the Argentines may have viewed this as a major concession, Britain had really given up very little. The Falkland islanders were quite resolute in their desire to remain subjects of the Queen. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-64559048226106638412020-01-12T10:35:00.001-08:002020-01-12T10:35:02.844-08:00Lady of Bath vs. DesdemonaENGL 220 ââ¬â Scott Mackenzie December 8th, 2010 Breaking the Socially Acceptable Behavior of Women in Chaucer and Shakespeare To say that men in the centuries leading up to the twentieth believed a woman must be ââ¬Å"seen but not heard,â⬠is a fair statement. Women during the times of Chaucer and Shakespeare were second class citizens with little rights. They were considered properties of their masters (fathers and husbands), and had no use other than birthing and mothering. A woman was supposed to be meek, chaste, and have no opinion.However, the characters Desdemona in William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Othello and Dame Alison from The Wife of Bathââ¬â¢s Prologue in Geoffrey Chaucerââ¬â¢s The Canterbury Tales seemingly go against common conventions of women, as they are bold characters who have strong opinions and exert dominance. Dame Alison, the Wife of Bath, is a character created by Chaucer in The Canterbury Tales. She is a merchant who has an interest in profit, an d uses sex and her many husbands to gain that profit. Alison has been married five times, and she is open to more, as sex is extremely important to her. Welcome the sixte, whan that ever he shal! / For sothe, I wol nat kepe me chast in al,/ Whan myn housbonde is fro the world anoon. â⬠(51-53) Alison is boldly stating that she will continue to remarry because she cannot remain without sex, a statement that blatantly goes against the ideal woman, a lady who has one husband and is chaste at all times. Alison challenges this ideal when she says, ââ¬Å"but that I axe, why that the fifthe man/ was noon housbond to the Samaritan? 1/ How manye mighte she have in mariage? / â⬠¦ God bad us for to wexe and multiplye. (21-23, 28) In Alisonââ¬â¢s time, the messages in the bible were considered the truth and 1 Referencing a story in the bible where Jesus told a Samaritan that though she had five mates, only one was her husband. were not to be challenged, especially by a woman. Withi n the first one hundred lines of her prologue, Dame Alison is breaking traditional womanly conventions by admitting her love of sex and questioning why the bible says she can only have one husband. Traditionally, husbands worked to make money and wives took care of the household.However, in The Canterbury Tales, we find out that Dame Alison is a business woman who ââ¬Å"of cloth-making she hadde swich an haunt,/ she passed hem of Ypres and of Gaunt. â⬠(Prologue to Canterbury Tales, 449-50) And though she is a successful business woman in her own right, Alison also uses sex to control her men and receive material gifts from them. She states that her first husbands were so old that ââ¬Å"they had me yeven hir gold and hir tresoor;/ me neded nat do lenger diligence/ to winne hir love, or doon hem reverence. (204-206) In this quote, Alison is saying that they gave her land, money, and love without her having to have sex with them, a quote that shows readers she is open about sle eping with men to get what she wants. She reaffirms this notion of using sex to get what she wants by stating, ââ¬Å"a wys womman wol sette hir ever in oon/ to gete hir love, ther as she hath noon. / But sith I hadde hem hoolly in myn hond,/ and sith they hadde me yeven all hir lond/ what sholde I taken hede hem for to plese/ but it were for my profit and myn ese? (209-214) In the lines following that quote, Alison goes on to mention that she had her husbands wrapped around her finger and that they were happy to please her. This is a direct contradiction to the social expectations of women in the time of Chaucer. Women were supposed to be at their husbands beckon and call, to ask for nothing, and to provide sex when needed by the husband. However, Alisonââ¬â¢s husbands are at her beckon and call, she asks repeatedly for things, and she only has sex when she wants something. By using sex to her economic advantage, Alison is further breaking the socially acceptable behavior of wom en.Dame Alison challenges the bible in reference to virginity. Challenging the bible was generally taboo, especially when it came from a woman. Alison poses strong arguments and questions about virginity. Firstly, she says that Saint Paulââ¬â¢s talk of virginity and remaining celibate throughout life ââ¬Å"al nis but conseil. â⬠(82) Secondly, in lines 105-114, she is saying that virginity is a kind of perfection, and though Jesus was perfect, virginity is only meant for those who strive for absolute perfection, like Jesus was. Alison, on the other hand, says that ââ¬Å"[she] wol bistoew the flour of al myn age,/ in the actes and in fruit of mariage. (113-114) Thirdly, Alison questions the design of the physical body. ââ¬Å"Telle me also, to what conclusion/ were membres maad of generacioun/ and for what profit was a wight y-wrought? â⬠(115-117) In this quote, Alison is asking why genitals were made perfect for each other if they werenââ¬â¢t mean to be used. Quest ioning why the bible and society have such strong opinions on virginity, a subject that is not generally discussed by women, is yet another reason why Dame Alison, the Wife of Bath from The Canterbury Tales challenges the socially acceptable behavior of women.Desdemona, the main female character in William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Othello is another example of a character who is breaking female behavior norms. In the first act, Brabantio, Desdemonaââ¬â¢s father, makes note of what a proper Venetian woman should be. He says they should be ââ¬Å"of spirit still and quietâ⬠¦ never bold. â⬠(I. iii. 95-97) Contrary to Brabantioââ¬â¢s statement however, Desdemona is arguably bold. Her father, Brabantio, has long decided Desdemona will marry a business man. She, however, finds them boring, and thus marries Othello.Othello, though a celebrated general of the Venetian arm, is a moor2 and is therefore somewhat of a 2 A person who usually comes from northern Africa or Arabia and i s therefore black or dark skinned. societal outcast in the predominantly white Venice. Desdemona blatantly defies her father, something proper women never do, by marrying a social outcast. Any proper woman in Othelloââ¬â¢s time would have been meek and polite both in public and in private, characteristics that are not displayed by Desdemona in either place.When confronted by her father about her marriage to Othello, Desdemona fights back, stating ââ¬Å"I am hitherto your daughter: but hereââ¬â¢s my husband/ and so much duty as my mother showââ¬â¢d/ to you, preferring you before her,/ so much I challenge that I may profess/ due to the Moor my lord. â⬠(I. iii. 185-189) Desdemona is maintaining a strong stance on her marriage to Othello and is not cowering away because of her angry father. She publicly argues with Brabantio, an act that easily challenges the socially acceptable behavior of women as women were supposed to be submissive, never arguing with their fathers ( or any man for that matter), specially in public. Like Dame Alison, Desdemona is a temptress who uses sex to get what she wants. Trying to convince Othello to forgive Cassio, Desdemona states, ââ¬Å"tell me Othello, I wonder in my soul/ what you would ask me that I should deny,/ or stand so mammering on? â⬠(III. iii. 68-70) By referring to her unquestionable desire to please Othello in every possible way, Desdemona is saying that Othello cannot possibly love her as much as she loves him if he denies her wishes. In this one instance, Desdemona is subtly defying the socially acceptable behavior of women as she is using her sexuality to get what she wants.Overall, both Desdemona from Othello and Dame Alison from The Wife of Bathââ¬â¢s Prologue are characters who defy the socially acceptable behavior of women in their respective time periods. Desdemona acts bold by defying and arguing with her father, and uses her sexuality to manipulate. Similarly, Alison uses her sexuality f or economic gains from her five husbands, has a successful business of her own, and challenges the bibleââ¬â¢s stance on multiple marriages and virginity. Therefore, both Geoffrey Chaucer and William Shakespeare challenge the ideals of the behavior of women in the early 14th and 17th centuries respectively. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-32569520044118759892020-01-04T06:58:00.001-08:002020-01-04T06:58:03.894-08:00Government Argumentative Essay Government - 1768 Words Government Argumentative Essay â⬠Painting, writing, orchestra, band, choir these programs are the so-called money wasting according to the government. Some governments believe that if they take these programs away their budget will be more. They said they have done tests and evidence that shows how it does effect of course there is statistics and finances that show that. However, you cannot really base something we are born with based on a test. The Arts is a compelling thing some people are born with it some are not. It would not be fair to the kids who struggle in the core subjects like math and reading the kids who do not well let me tell you, you are lucky. Those kids are confident in the math and reading the kids who are not they feel ashamed of themselves that they cannot get a certain concept. ââ¬Å"We as humans are designed to be well-rounded; we have two halves of the brain. We are not ignoring that right side of the brain, but we are certainly underserving that side of the brain. Says Lance eagled an art teacher at Churchill whose budget was recently cut. According to psychology, you have two parts of your brain. Some people have stronger sides than other for instance, if you are more left brained you have more analytical thinking, you think logically , are good at language in addition to math and science . If you have a stronger right, you are very imaginative; you are good at understanding something immediately, plus having creativity, in addition to Art andShow MoreRelatedGovernment Incentives on Biofuel: An Argumentative Essay1435 Words à |à 6 Pagesstudy focuses on discussing the various aspects of how the Government incentives on biofuel are raising the food prices. Introduction Biofuel is a type of energy which can be derived from biomass, animal waste and most controversially from renewable plants. Biofuel is used as a substitute for oil and other energies. The reasons for the growing fame of biofuel is both negative and positive as it is an alternative form of energy for the government and makes their life easy, on the other hand biofuel hasRead MoreArgumentative Essay822 Words à |à 4 PagesArgumentative Essay The function of an argumentative essay is to show that your assertion (opinion, theory, and hypothesis) about some phenomenon or phenomena is correct or more truthful than others. The art of argumentation is not an easy skill to acquire. Many people might think that if one simply has an opinion, one can argue it successfully, and these folks are always surprised when others dont agree with them because their logic seems so correct. Argumentative writing is the act of formingRead Moreloyalist or patriot...1528 Words à |à 7 PagesArgumentative Essay Loyalist or Patriot Background: Various events of the 1700s led colonists to develop strong beliefs regarding the British government. The Trial of Peter Zenger, The Proclamation of 1763, the Boston Massacre combined with constantly changing taxes and rules that governed them made many think that self-governance was the best path for the colonies. Others felt that the King and his appointed officials had their best interests in mind and preferred to stay loyal to the crown. LaterRead MoreI Am The Product Of Clark County Educational System Essay1503 Words à |à 7 Pageshow to write essays correctly. I am the product of Clark County Educational system. I have always struggled through my last classes and hoped to get out of my struggles this semester. One the greatest challenges that I faced was the distinction that existed among different types of writings that are performed within the English language. I did not understand how the distinction between a narrative essay, report essay and an analytical ess ay, argumentative essay, and reflective essay among other typesRead MoreTheories And Arguments : Inherit The Wind By Jerome Lawrence Robert E. Lee Essay780 Words à |à 4 PagesDefinitions of conservatism and liberalism Legal jargon and courtroom vocabulary The structure of a play The structure of an argumentative essay Key factual information on historical cases where religion and government overlapped Students will be able to: Debate on timeless topics such as religion, science, professionalism, morals, and values Write an argumentative essay exploring decisions made by characters in the play ââ¬Å"Inherit the Wind.â⬠Support or refute arguments by Einstein, St. AnselmRead MoreEssay Writing Forms and Styles1402 Words à |à 6 Pages------------------------------------------------- Forms and styles This section describes the different forms and styles of essay writing. These forms and styles are used by a range of authors, including university students and professional essayists. [edit]Cause and effect The defining features of a cause and effect essay are causal chains that connect from a cause to an effect, careful language, and chronological or emphatic order. A writer using this rhetorical method must consider the subjectRead MoreGraduation Speech : My Career Life Consuming And Stressful Classes I Have Ever Taken1521 Words à |à 7 Pagestough time making my sentences flow together easily, my essays sounded choppy. Also, it was obvious when I was stretching my sentences to make an essay the required length; I no longer need to do that, now I must work on shortening my essays. This portfolio contains assignments completed in this composition class. These will all show evidence of improved writing from this first draft to the final copy. Throughout the portfolio, four essays and three inferior writing assignments will be found. EachRead MoreThe Neoliberal Arts : How Colleges Have Sold Their Soul939 Words à |à 4 PagesIn September of 2015, Harperââ¬â¢s Magazine published William Deresiewiczââ¬â¢s essay The Neoliberal Arts: How colleges have sold their soul to the market. In this essay, Deresiewicz discusses how colleges have changed their mindset over the last century and how the worldââ¬â¢s new neoliberal thinking has changed higher education for the worse. Deresiewicz believes that ââ¬Å"The purpose of education in a neoliberal age is to produce producers.â⬠(1) In his introduction, Deresiewicz compares the ideologies of collegesRead Morenm,n. On the other hand the main dissimilarity of those two essays is authors view towards the society. Their ideas are very helpful for the development of our society.1747 Words à |à 7 Pages Essay Assignment #1 Length: three to four pages not including Works Cited Evaluation of an Argument through Analysis ââ¬â In this assignment, you are required to show your abilities to summarize and evaluate the effectiveness of an argument, based on your analysis of it. Thus far in the course, we have explored the ways in which we read and analyze an argumentative text critically. Critical analysis of a text requires us to look for what the author claims (the main idea/thesis) and to closelyRead MoreClassical Principles or Argument Essay1169 Words à |à 5 Pagesrelationship amid your sources like writing documents, such as, lectures, essays or even observations. The sole purpose of an argument synthesis and usage is for you to be able to give your own opinion and point of view which needs to be supported and be applicable. Itââ¬â¢s often debatable due to it being chalked up as suggestions to which rational individuals would often differ from. When creating a persuasive or argumentative writing, your main goal is to get your audience to comprehend and concur Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-28518718470556591792019-12-27T03:24:00.001-08:002019-12-27T03:24:03.923-08:00The Theme Of Social Inequality In Battle Royal By Ralph... Social inequality is something people would not expect to be influenced by setting. The story ââ¬Å"Battle Royal,â⬠by Ralph Ellison explains that a young boy grows up to learn the harsh reality of being an invisible man. The author does this by putting the main character in the story, though situations that make him realize that he is diminished from society. The meaning of the story is supported by the setting of where different things take place throughout the story. Places such as the main ballroom played an important role. The ring of where the battle royal took place between the classmates can also be looked at to see how the narrator explains his point. Not to also forget, that the author sets a scene with a young white woman to be ableâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The events turn south one the protagonist is made to partake in horrific humiliating events to entertain the white upper-classmen. It all began when he was invited into the hotel ballroom that he would begin being told what to do or what to say or act. The way the room was set up, put a boxing ring in front of a row of chairs from all three sides. The battle royal expresses the way in which members of the black community are looked at by whites. They are nothing but a source of cruel amusement, At worst, they are non-existent. The battle royal allows the town leaders to express their aggression toward the black boys in a way that they believed was ââ¬Å"safeâ⬠(Wallace 2013). Immediately after the main character arrives to the boxing ring is when he faces a new challenge that he must overcome. This fight between classmates has him worried that he might not even get a chance to give his speech. The author implies that the setting of the boxing ring can intimidate anybody if there were in the same position. The author states that ââ¬Å"I want to get at that ginger-colored nigger. Tear him limb from limbâ⬠¦I stood against the ropes tremblingâ⬠(Ellison 208). This hostile e nvironment allowed the readers to see what position the main character finds himself in the middle of. This boxing ring allows readers to get a better picture of what the story is about. The use of an environment where he is forced to do something while blindfolded and beaten for entertainmentShow MoreRelatedEssay about Battle Royal, by Ralph Ellison1897 Words à |à 8 Pagesactions of whites. One individual who overcame the relentless struggles was Ralph Ellison. Ellison, a famous author, depicted racial segregation in the 1940ââ¬â¢s through a fictional short story entitled ââ¬Å"Battle Royal.â⬠Battle Royal symbolized the actions of what ââ¬Å"otherâ⬠people became accustomed to. Blacks were thought to be socially inferior and live in the shadows of whites. The idea which Ellison uses to paint ââ¬Å"Battle Royalâ⬠consists of that when one sex or race treats another as an object or animalRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Harlem Renaissance1086 Words à |à 5 Page sHarlem renaissance was very important to African American literature because it was it brought new attention to it. During the renaissance African American literature along with black art and music began to be followed by mainstream America. In Ralph Ellison novel Invisible Men was published in 1952 was another example about how race played in American society. The novel portrayed an African American men whose skin considered him invisible. The story builds up on what makes him invisible and the struggleRead MoreRalph Ellisons Invisible Man And O. J. : Made In America1692 Words à |à 7 PagesRace and Opportunity play a grand role connecting the novel Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison, and the documentary O.J.: Made in America. Both stories are set within the pit of corruption held throughout the nineties, and display obvious connections between the narratives. The legacy of Orenthal James Simpson is described in this documentary by the currency of events which were occurring during his rise to fame. As for the novel, Invisible Man, various situations during the multiple charactersRead MoreInvisible Man By Ralph Ellison909 Words à |à 4 PagesInvisible Man by Ralph Ellison is a novel which embodies the universal theme of self-discovery, of the search to figure out who one truly is in life which we all are embarked upon. Throughout the text, the narrator is constantly wondering about who he really is, and evaluating the different identities which he assumes for himself. He progresses from being a hopeful student with a bright future to being just another poor black laborer in New Your City to being a fairly well off spokesperson for aRead MoreThe Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison2489 Words à |à 10 Pagesââ¬Å"I AM AN invisible man.â⬠A story of obstacles of durable struggle, but hope, and everlasting search for voice in a narrow-minded society; The Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison depicts the dehumanization and feeling of being ostracized in society, of one man. Imagine a time when everyone you encounter have a racial thought or credibility toward your own races, never considering the fact that who you are as a person does not matter worth a dime. You are better determines on shade of your ski n which hide Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-22867630577563429282019-12-18T23:13:00.001-08:002019-12-18T23:13:04.770-08:00Federal Government Prevention of Bullying - 2962 Words Federal Government Prevention of Bullying We have all heard the words; the words that tear us down and break us apart. A person can only bend so far before they break. No one is immune to it, we are all capable of bullying. By no means is bullying right; often times the repercussions of being bullied are devastating. Although there is no Federal law currently in place to prevent bullying, there are discrimination and harassment laws and many states have anti-bullying laws; there is hope for the Federal government to follow suit in enacting anti-bullying laws. Bullying in the United States is continuing to get expand, but the awareness of bullying is also increasing. There are several ideas of what exactly bullying is. The most commonâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Those children who are not being bullied but are simply bystanders are often times fearful of standing up to protect those being bullied in fear of retaliation; the simply feel powerless. It is not uncommon for the bystanders to feel guilty because they want the bullying to stop but they wonder what will happen to them if they stand up. Will the bully go after them next? Some bystanders will join the bully just because they donââ¬â¢t want to end up being bullied. Bullying is a vicious cycle (How Bullying Affects Children.). Frequent fights are a common theme of bullies. They are also known to steal, vandalize property and carry a weapon which is often times used in the fights. Bullies are also more likely to engage in underage drinking and smoking. Poor grades are also typical for bullies. Not to mention, bullies carry a negative aura wherever they go; people tend to avoid those that give off bad vibes (How Bullying Affects Children.). School environments that contain a high amount of bullying issues contain a sense of fear and disrespect. Students quite often feel like the teachers and staff have no control over any bullying that is taking place and that the teachers donââ¬â¢t care about students being bullied. Teachers and faculty often times have a difficult time discovering or even believing that certain students are being bullies, especially when bullies put on a front and give teachers and faculty a different perception ofShow MoreRelatedShould The State Or Federal Government Put Laws?884 Words à |à 4 Pagesstate or federal government put laws in school to prevent bullying? ââ¬Å"With ignorance comes fear, from fear comes bigotry. Education is the key to acceptanceâ⬠. Kathleen Patel. Bullying can take place in or out of school and in person or through other means of communication. Bullying can be verbal or physical, and when physical, it can be directed against a person, a personââ¬â¢s property, or be used to intimidate, rather than inflict damage to the person or his or her property. Verbal bullying can includeRead MoreThe Issue Of Bullying And Bullying1401 Words à |à 6 Pages2305 4 Nov. 2014 The Issue of Bullying Did you know each year there are over 3.2 million students that are bullied? (11 Facts About Bullying ) Bullying has been a fundamental human demobilizing act for centuries; that has been woven into the crevices of non-physical cruelty and abuse. A simple meaning of bullying is the need for control. (contributors) It has always involved power, pain, persistence and premeditation. Emily Bazelon wrote an article, defining bullying as physical or verbal abuse,Read MoreThe Long-Term Effects of Bullying Essay1409 Words à |à 6 Pagesconcerns and effects of bullying. Its epidemic is also starting to become closely related to the growing numbers of suicide rates amongst adolescents within the United States and across the globe. However, there are several adults that may take bullying lightly thinking that it is just a part of kids being kids. Whereas to an adolescent, bullying can cause long-term effects as they transition into adulthood. However, in order for one to examine the long-te rm effects of bullying one must be able to defineRead MoreThe Eternal Effects of Cyber Bullying1196 Words à |à 5 Pagescyber bullying, allowing predators of all ages to interrupt what should be the safe haven in life; home. The eternal effects of cyber bullying on the victim and their families is potentially fatal as pointed out in the May 2013, Journal of Youth and Adolescence article by, published authors and psychology graduateââ¬â¢s in adolescent studies, Brett Litwiler and Amy Brausch. The article not only identifies this form of bullying as a problem but Litwiler and Brausch state, The impact of bullying in allRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Girl s Suicide Points1150 Words à |à 5 Pageswrites about the tragic death of Rebecca Ann Sedwick, and the events that lead her to it. Rebecca was a normal, typical twelve year old pree-teen girl. Because of a disagreement over a boy Rebecca dated, several middle-school children stated bullying her. The bullying started at school, but it esculated to where she was vicously tormented on social media. Even after she stopped dating the boy, the attacks kept coming. Because not much was being done, even though Rebeccaââ¬â¢s mother complained to school adiministratorsRead MoreAnti Bullying Essay1444 Words à |à 6 PagesEnhanced Anti-Bullying Laws and School Programs Lisa Aparicio Saint Josephââ¬â¢s College The Need for Enhanced Anti-Bullying Laws and School Programs Bullying was traditionally considered rites of passage, something all children and youth must go through. This is a myth. In todayââ¬â¢s violent growing society, bullying has been responsible for several acts of non-punishable crimes. The lack of attention to implementing and enforcing anti-bullying state laws, and funding anti-bullying school programsRead MoreThe Relationship Between Bullying And Suicide Essay1308 Words à |à 6 PagesI feel State and Federal laws should be put into place to prevent bullying it would hold the bullier more accountable for his/her actions. The relationship between bullying and suicide is complex. Many media reports oversimplify this relationship, insinuating or directly stating that bullying can cause suicide. The facts tell a different story. In particular, it is not accurate and potentially dangerous to present bullying as the ââ¬Å"causeâ⬠or ââ¬Å"reasonâ⬠for a suicide, or to suggest that suicide is aRead MoreBullying Is A Social Problem For Decades Essay1224 Words à |à 5 PagesBullying has been a social problem for decades. Bullying started out with name calling, but today bulling comes in different forms. You find bullying in schools, texts, and social media to name a few. The following information provided in this research paper discusses the history of bullying and how the history has shaped bullying today. The paper will provide informative background information about bullying and the definition of bullying. This paper will discuss the roles and skills of the humanRead MoreBullying Is Becoming A More Visual And Talked About Concern1142 Words à |à 5 PagesBullying in the Workplace Workplace bullying is becoming a more visual and talked-about concern in the business world, and finding ways to deal with the problem of bullying is an issue that needs to be addressed. In a survey of European Union employees, an illness that was rooted in stress was reported in 28% of employees (Rayner et. al. 8). According to Rayner, bullying may account for much of this workplace anxiety. My co-workers and I were victims of a workplace bully. This behavior includedRead MoreSetting Up Sucide Prevention Programs1427 Words à |à 6 Pagescountless bullying and sex education programs, but suicide, the third leading cause of adolescent deaths (Caine 1), is practically ignored. Many schools only offer hot lines for suicidal students. While some schools have implemented suicide prevention programs and the government has recognized teenage suicide as a growing problem, effective solutions need to be discovered and funded to prevent these catastrophic deaths. The U.S. federal government should develop and fund suicide prevention programs Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-17622295989803965352019-12-10T19:55:00.001-08:002019-12-10T19:55:03.443-08:00Conservation tasks free essay sample Conservation refers to the idea that certain physical characteristics of objects remain the same, despite their perceptual differences (Berk, 2009). In Piagets theory on conservation, children gradually acquire various conservation abilities, such as understanding the conservation of numbers, weight, and volume to name a few. Piaget asserts that until they successfully acquire these abilities, they have no real understanding that quantity remains unchanged despite perceptual changes of the objects with respect to their appearance. This paper aims to reconsider the accuracy of Piagets assertion, which is supported by alternative views of other theorists. Piagets conservation task goes like this. Children were first shown two objects that were both equal in quantity and appearance. They were then asked to judge whether the objects were still quantitatively equal after having seen one of the objects being transformed, where it stays quantitatively unchanged while its appearance is altered. Piagets evidence on childrens acquisition of understanding conservation was based on the their verbal explanations, which demonstrates their understanding of (a) reversibility (If you transform it back to its original state it will be the same), (b) compensation (Reduction in one aspect is compensated for in another), (c) identity (Nothing was added or subtracted, so it is the same) (Elkind, 1967). However, other theorists such as Elkind disagreed with Piaget. Piaget and Elkind had different views on conservation. According to Elkind (1967), conservation tasks involves two types of conservation, identity conservation and equivalence conservation. Identity conservation refers to equivalence between the before (V) and after (V1) state of the variable object. Equivalence conservation refers to equivalence between the standard (S) and variable object (V1). Elkind (1967) argues that Piagets discussion of conservation only deals with identity conservation as it only revolves around reversibility and compensation. For example, in the liquid conservation task, Piaget emphasised how children understood the quantity equivalence between liquid in a tall, narrow glass and liquid in a wide, shallow glass, by recognising that change in its height was compensated by a change in its width (compensation) (Berk, 2009). What Piaget failed to explain was how children knew the equivalence of the two immediately present objects (S V1). In the form of verbal explanation, a child who fully solved the task would say Since S was equal to V, and transformation of V to V1 did not change anything, S will be equal to V1 (Elkind, 1967), therefore exhibiting equivalence conservation. Piaget also assumed that identity and equivalence conservation acquisition occurs simultaneously in time. Other theorists argued that identity conservation emerges prior to that of equivalence conservation. For example, children could complete the task of adjusting the height of the water level of a container to match that of another container of different dimensions, at a time when they have yet acquired equivalence conservation (Elkind, 1967). At this stage, children had an incomplete concept of liquid quantity, which was based only on the water level. In Feigenbaum and Sulkin and Franks experiment, a 4-year-old could recognise that quantity was unchanged when they did not see the variable objects transformation. However, if they did, their anticipation of water level conflicts with the outcome as they anticipated the water level to remain unchanged because nothing was added or removed. This caused them to be fooled into making an incorrect judgement by the perceptual illusion and hence fail to recognise conservation, up until they understand compensation (Acredolo Acredolo, 1979), like what Piaget had proposed. Another example is when children were asked whether the clay sausage (transformed from a clay ball) weigh more/ less/ equal to the standard clay ball, they might think that the apparent increase (perceptually) in weight of the sausage is compensated for by the larger size of the ball, when the size was actually constant (Elkind, 1967). Clearly, children failed to show an understanding of the conservation of weight despite knowing that they were quantitatively unchanged. Hence, identity conservation is insufficient for passing conservation tasks which assess equivalence conservation. Therefore, children do have some degree of understanding of quantity constancy before they fully acquired conservation abilities, though their lack of understanding of compensation confuses and obstructs them from the correct evaluation that the objects were quantitatively equivalent. In all, theorists disagreed on Piagets point on childrens inability to recognise quantitative constancy when there was change in appearance, assuming that they did not see the transformation. However, even if they do have the ability, they still could not grasp the concept of equivalence conservation involving other abilities such as understanding conservation of weight, hence agreeing with Piaget. Theorists agree with Piaget on childrens gradual acquisition of conservation abilities as well. For example, in the course of learning number conservation, it is important to note that their concept of quantity emerged before their concept of conservation, and was based on perceptual cues such as height and length (Zimiles, 1963). As they learn how to count and other mathematical skills, they add on to this original concept of quantity and start to rely more on these skills for better accuracy. Therefore, at least in this concept, Piagets idea was unanimously agreed upon by other theorists. In conclusion, theorists do agree with Piaget in some of his ideas on conservation, such as childrens gradual acquisition of conservation abilities, and that for a complete understanding of conservation (comprising of both identity and equivalence conservation), children must fully grasp all the various types of conservation such as weight and number. There was also some debate on how Piaget discussed his theory of conservation, such that he explains only using identity conservation by stating children conserve by comparing V and V1, which only shows their understanding of compensational changes within one object (V and V1). Elkind (1967) disagreed on the grounds of the difference between identity and equivalence conservation, both of which are needed to pass Piagets conservation task. Equivalence conservation is based on a childs understanding of the relations between the objects that are immediately present, not the relations between the same object before and after transformation. Nevertheless, Piagets theory still serves as a useful guide on childrens cognitive development, although it has been proven that it is not completely accurate. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-79227343096091985882019-12-03T07:37:00.001-08:002019-12-03T07:37:03.975-08:00Responsible factors for climate change By definition, climate change is an average long-term shift in weather patterns that is manifested by altering in the contributing factors including precipitation, temperature and pressure among other indicators. Climate change can be a consequence of a modification in variability typified by extreme weather conditions, for example, erratic rainfalls that cause floods.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Responsible factors for climate change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The earthââ¬â¢s climate is synonymous to this variability, however, its long-term climatic state is harmonized by the energy balance ââ¬Å"between the incoming and the outgoing energyâ⬠(Ewing, 2012). As such, any external factor (climate forcers) affecting this energy balance may lead to climate changes. Importantly, these factors occur in different time-periods. Hence, the factors that affected climate change centuries back may not be the ones standing currently. Climate forcers can be categorized into two groups including human and natural causes. In addition to the duo, there are other changes that happen internally within the climate system, affecting the climate either as short-lived or long-lived. These modifications may be attributed to the atmospheric circulations among others factors. Human beings contribute to climate change when they engage in burning of fossil fuel, deforestation activities notwithstanding. These effects have been aggravated further since the inception of the era of industrial revolution. As a consequence, the face of the land has been altered tremendously, and the atmosphere is filled with fumes dominated by carbon dioxide gas, one of the greenhouse gases. These changes constitute what we can consider ourselves ââ¬Ëclimate forcers,ââ¬â¢ who are responsible for destabilizing the earthââ¬â¢s energy system. To this end, the overall effect on the earthââ¬â¢s atmosphere has bee n a warming effect. The cumulative effect of the gas emissions on the planet is called the greenhouse effect. This is the reason of the global warming, and as such, it is believed that it may lead to erratic weather patterns, consequently affecting both the social and economic activities of man.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Apart from the human activities, natural factors are other elements responsible for climate change. Such activities as volcanicity and the Sun insolation are among the external factors central to climate change. These two basically fall within the timescale of the contemporary causes of climate change. The duo have a significant effect on the incoming energy, however, volcanicity has a short-lived effect on the climate change. The intensity of the Sun insolation has considerably increased since the inception of the industrial revolution. This has bee n estimated to have increased by ten folds, consequently affecting climate significantly. The internal elements within the climate that affect the climate change could be due to the emitted gases that stem from human activities. These gases, for example, CO2, can be classed as long-lived because they take a while before they are eliminated from the atmosphere. Conversely, the short-lived gases, for instance, methane, clear off the atmosphere very fast. Class aside, if remained unchecked, short-lived gases have a potential of causing adverse climate change. They are responsible for the greenhouse effect. The history of the climate trend Climate has been changing to the worst since the era that is called industrial revolution. On analyzing the trend of the worldââ¬â¢s mean temperature dating back to the 19th century, one can underscore the fact that, indeed, the Earth is experiencing global warming. In the 1960s, though, there was a compelling evidence of a shifting trend where exp erts reported that the planet was cooling. Nevertheless, new findings stipulated that this was a brief interruption and the trend would assume the previous modification process in the 1970s. These findings elicited a serious debate among climatologists with some predicting a sustained cooling trend over time. To this end, they cited a phase of a sustained natural cycle or perhaps the elements of smog and dust particles that continue to fill the atmosphere due to the human activities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Responsible factors for climate change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Those predicting otherwise believed that the effects of the greenhouse gas emissions would surpass those due to the concentration of particles in the atmosphere, and as such, global warming would resume. In a conclusion, the two opposing groups acknowledged the fact that their stands were just mare guesswork. In the meantime, ther e were advances in the climatology science. Nonetheless, in 1970s, the view that the warming would resume triumphed highlighting that the cooling was a brief interruption. With the turn of the century, the warming effect aggravated further as evident by the changing temperatures even at the depth of the ocean base. To scientists, this was a compelling evidence of a gross change in climate that had never been witnessed before. The specific pattern ââ¬Å"of changes, revealed in objects ranging from ship logs to ice caps to tree rings, closely matched the predicted effects of greenhouse gas emissionsâ⬠(Bredenberg, 2012). Ideally, one would wonder how meteorologists came up with the conclusion that the world was warming. Indeed, the journey to establishing of this fact was not an easy feat. Scientists had to deal with voluminous and uncertain data collected over a long period of time, and using different methods to come up with the conclusion. Among the pioneer groups of scientis ts who tried to establish this fact were the NASA and the Climate Research Unit (CRU), a British based group. In their research, they reached an almost similar answer that the planetââ¬â¢s average temperatures had raised by at least 0.50C in the past century. In the meantime, several other groups over the world were dedicated to measuring the weather patterns. Vitally, while some were engaging in careful, recording and securing of records in archives, the others were busy standardizing the instruments.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Even with these data, no scientist would stake a claim that the world would warm in the future, especially with the 1940-70 dip as shown in below (fig. 1). With these findings, one is tempted to hold the thought that the current highs could be temporal. Current geopolitical response to climate change One may notice the ââ¬Ëtug of warââ¬â¢ concerning the causes of climate change that continue to illicit mixed reactions among the science and anti-science zealots. On one hand, science holds the thought that the planet is experiencing global warming, and that the anti-science zealots are embedding efforts meant to stem this trend. On the other hand, the anti-scientists hold the view that global warming is not a consequence of the human activities, and that the scientistsââ¬â¢ views are for selfish gains meant to transform the worldââ¬â¢s economy. Surprisingly, the skeptics consider that even if the planet is warming, it is not a cause for alarm. Some critics of the scientif ic view base their argument on the alleged dishonesty amongst scientists. To this end, they cite the ââ¬ËClimategate Scandalââ¬â¢ as one of their evidences of scientistsââ¬â¢ dishonesty. The details of the scandal, as revealed later, showed that someone had hacked into the server of the CRU and sent more than 1000 e-mails to people all over the world with a plot to falsify an average global temperature trend. This allegation was investigated by several agencies from both the US and the UK, revealing that the scientists were genuine in their findings. If not enough, skeptics find dishonesty in an e-mail that was written by Phil Jones to Micheal Mann, both from the CRU, disputing the latterââ¬â¢s chart as a ââ¬Ëtrickââ¬â¢ to mean that he was hiding a temperature decline (Ewing, 2008). However, in a bid to dilute skeptical views, scientists have a well established database in the blog, DeSmogBlog, of the individuals who are in dissent industry of global warming. Some critics hold the view that the idea of the man-engineered global warming emanates from neo-colonialism. As such, the idea is meant to shift focus of the development agenda from the developed economies to the third world economies. The opposing faction, however, believe that the skepticsââ¬â¢ view that global warming is not a man-made effect is a tactic to bar governments from interfering with their businesses (free-market). Free-market fundamentalists feel that governments are threatened by the fact that free-markets can resolve both the social and economic problems if given a freehand. Moreover, they tend to think that market fundamentalism has been a principal factor in determining the USââ¬â¢s public policy debates in the past three decades. If not enough, critics argue that most of these scientists holding the consensus view were cold-war research artillery, and that following the crumple of the Soviet Union, they sought solace in another global issue in the name of global warming to seek the world control. The response to climate change due to global warming is a universal issue defying commitments to the nations where the greenhouse gas emissions are more pronounced. This is owed to the fact that the greenhouse gases defuse rapidly and evenly over the world. To this end, the UN has been the platform, upon which responses to climate change has been addressed. Global bodies established under the UN umbrella, for instance, the Kyoto Protocol and the UNFCCC (United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change), have made massive steps in trying to reverse this change. Chiefly, international policies have been adopted globally at a national cum regional level, signaling a consolidated approach aimed at stemming this change. The objective of the UNFCCC (formed in 1990) was to stabilize the greenhouse gases by the turn of the 21st century. However, subsequent meetings prior to the 21st century led to the establishment of the Kyoto Protocol in the year 19 97. Its objective focused on the developed economies to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by 5.2% with their respective 1990 levels as a baseline. This had to be achieved by the year 2012. This was not an easy feat to achieve, and as such, it took three meetings for the stakeholders to reach the Marrakesh Accord, which outlined the processes that were to be followed to achieve the Kyoto Protocol (Nicole, 2004). Importantly, in order for the Kyoto Protocol to be a legally binding document, it had to be ratified by more than 55 nations. The Annex 1 nations had to make up the 55 nations ratifying the protocol in order to account for at least 55% of the total emissions of the 1990 levels. For political and economic reasons, the US chose not to ratify the Protocol even though its emissions accounted for more than 25% of the total greenhouse gas emissions emanating from the developed economies. One political reason that the US chose not to ratify the Protocol is that the treaty was pa rtial. To this, the US claims that the design of the treaty would leave out some economies known for their massive greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, the US has been reluctant to ratify the Protocol for the reason that it would result in job losses by its citizens. Akin to the US, the Australian government temporarily failed to confirm the Protocol only to ratify it in 2007. Russia validated the Protocol after a while in the year 2004. The countries that were party to the treaty relied on three flexible means including Emission Trading, Joint Implementation (JI), and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) to achieve the Kyoto Protocol. However, many investors hold a negative view over the JI and CDM mechanisms, citing too much bureaucracy involved in getting an approval. Vital remedies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions One of the remedies that governments ought to apply is the need to engage in the energy conservation practices. Economical utilization of energy goes all the way t o reducing the levels of greenhouse gases (GHGs) a great deal. Designs meant for appliances at homes should aim at enhancing energy efficiencies. The state of California is a typical example of a region in the US that has taken its own initiative to engage in efficient utilization of energy. As such, striking research shows that between 1976 and 2005, this state has maintained its energy requirements at a fairly constant rate. This is opposed to the rest of the US, where the energy requirements had increased by 60%. Another striking revelation is that the total energy losses by the US economy surpass the total energy requirements of the Japanese economy. This shows that the Japanese machinery designs are energy-efficient. Economies should adopt sequestration models meant to capture CO2 instead of releasing it to the atmosphere (U.S. Department of Transportation, 2010). Another remedy that governments should adopt is the use of alternative sources of clean, renewable sources of energ y instead of using bio-fuels. Among the major contributors of GHGs is coal. This energy source is far less efficient in its utilization (30% efficient). Among the clean, renewable energy sources that fit the billing one could name solar and wind energy. These two can play a major role in curbing GHG emissions. Another alternative is the use of nuclear energy. However, it is risky since some nations might use it as an arsenal. Therefore, to use it, all nations should be honest. Urbanization is one of the ââ¬Ëenemiesââ¬â¢ of the GHG-free atmosphere. It comes with deforestation, a practice that is believed to deny the atmosphere ââ¬â the ââ¬Ëlungsââ¬â¢- which is meant to clear the CO2 from it. While urbanization and industrialization change the worldââ¬â¢s face in the name of creating wealth, these two practices are suicidal to the atmosphere. They basically utilize the land, a limited resource, without replacing it, leaving the land bare and depriving it of its â⠬Ëlungsââ¬â¢. To curb this trend, afforestation practices ought to be given a global attention and enhance the GHG-free atmosphere. Transport industry and hence the gasoline industry are the ones that contribute immensely to the GHGs, globally. There is need for engineers to come up with the engine designs that are more sensitive to our environment. The designs should be a hybrid formation of gasoline/electric engines to limit on the gasoline requirements. This would go all the way to limiting the GHG emissions into the atmosphere. In addition, some economies have adopted safe utilization policies whereby transportation to public destinations/institutions has to be done using a bigger unit (a bus) as opposed to smaller and numerous units (cars). This would curtail the GHG emissions. Future solutions to climate change After adopting the energy-efficient designs as well as conservation strategies, the void left to suffice the energy requirements has to be met by the GHG-free renew able energy sources. This has to be provided by the wind, solar, hydroelectric, and geothermal energy. The use of the wind energy as a ââ¬Ëgreen powerââ¬â¢ has been among the buzzwords of the greenhouse-free atmosphere advocates. It is a renewable source of energy that can be converted to mechanical energy, and eventually electrical energy before it is utilized. Ideally, to generate electricity, the site where the plant is mounted should be favorably windy in order to drive the giant turbines for generating electricity. The energy generated from wind can be used in home appliances as well as to drive industrial machines. Engineers have come up with the efficient turbine designs that can achieve maximum output from the wind power. The solar energy is another source of ââ¬Ëgreen powerââ¬â¢. This energy is derived from ultraviolet rays that emanate from the Sun. Through different mechanisms, this energy can be converted to electrical energy or can be used directly to serve the peopleââ¬â¢s needs. To convert the solar energy to electrical energy, one applies a photovoltaic cell. However, the efficiency of the solar energy is dependent on the insolation received per day. The maximum insolation got in a region is influenced by the latitude and the season of the same. To this end, the regions falling within the equator zone receive maximum insolation at midday. Moreover, one can use larger panels in regions that experience limited insolation to meet his/her needs. Directly, one may use the solar energy for heating and lighting. This is one of the best alternatives to fossil fuels since it is clean and renewable. The hydroelectric power is a ââ¬Ëgreen powerââ¬â¢ that may help in mitigating the greenhouse gas emissions. This energy is derived from water that drives a turbine to generate power. However, this energy is limited to regions that have no waterfalls. Nonetheless, they generate enough electricity that can be supplied to a far place. The en ergy received from this source can be used domestically as well as for driving industrial machines. Biomass is another source of energy, an alternative to fossil fuel though it is not a GHG-free source of energy. Recently, in such economies like Brazil, the use of biodiesel is slowly becoming popular. Akin to biomass, we do have fuel cells, which are powered by coal to generate electricity. Finally, the geothermal power accounts for another source of ââ¬Ëgreen power.ââ¬â¢ This form of energy is limited to regions that are endowed with hot springs. As such, this form of energy is not common. Nonetheless, the energy derived from this source can be converted to electricity to find application both domestically and in industries. References Bredenberg, A. (2011). The Climate Change Controversy ââ¬â Whatââ¬â¢s It Really About? Green and Clean Journal, 2(3), 3-7. Ewing, R. (2008). Growing Cooler: The Evidence on Urban Development and Climate Change. Washington, DC: Urban Land Institute. Nicole, N. (2004). United States Problems with the Kyoto Treaty. New York, NY: New York University Press. U.S. Department of Transportation. (2010). Transportationââ¬â¢s Role in Reducing U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions. South Melbourne, Australia: Thomson Learning. This essay on Responsible factors for climate change was written and submitted by user Am1ra to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-7978538273302146662019-11-27T12:28:00.001-08:002019-11-27T12:28:06.278-08:00The Spanish ConquistadorsThe Spanish Conquistadors From the moment of Christopher Columbus discovery of lands previously unknown to Europe in 1492, the New World captured the imagination of European adventurers. Thousands of men came to the New World to seek fortune, glory, and land. For two centuries, these men explored the New World, conquering any native people they came across in the name of the King of Spain (and the hope of gold). They came to be known as the conquistadors. Who were these men? Definition of Conquistador The word conquistador comes from Spanish and means he who conquers. The conquistadors were those men who took up arms to conquer, subjugate, and convert native populations in the New World. Who Were the Conquistadors? Conquistadors came from all over Europe. Some were German, Greek, Flemish, and so on, but most of them came from Spain, particularly southern and southwestern Spain. The conquistadors typically came from families ranging from the poor to the lower nobility. The very high-born rarely needed to set off in search of adventure. Conquistadors had to have some money to purchase the tools of their trade, such as weapons, armor, and horses. Many of them were veteran professional soldiers who had fought for Spain in other wars, like the reconquest of the Moors (1482-1492) or the Italian Wars (1494-1559). Pedro de Alvarado was a typical example. He was from the province of Extremadura in southwestern Spain and was the younger son of a minor noble family. He could not expect any inheritance, but his family had enough money to purchase good weapons and armor for him. He came to the New World in 1510 specifically to seek his fortune as a conquistador. Armies Although most of the conquistadors were professional soldiers, they werent necessarily well-organized. They were not a standing army in the sense that we think of it. In the New World, at least, they were more like mercenaries. They were free to join any expedition they wanted to and could theoretically leave at any time, although they tended to see things through. They were organized by units. Footmen, harquebusiers, cavalry, and so on served under trusted captains who were responsible to the expedition leader. Conquistador Expeditions Expeditions, such as Pizarros Inca campaign or the countless searches for the city of El Dorado, were expensive and privately financed (although the King still expected his 20 percent cut of any valuables discovered). Sometimes the conquistadors themselves chipped in funds for an expedition in the hopes that it would discover great wealth. Investors were also involved: wealthy men who would provision and equip an expedition expecting a share of the spoils if it discovered and looted a rich native kingdom. There was some bureaucracy involved, as well. A group of conquistadors could not just pick up their swords and head off into the jungle. They had to secure official written and signed permission from certain colonial officials first. Weapons and Armor Armor and weapons were crucially important for a conquistador. Footmen had heavy armor and swords made of fine Toledo steel if they could afford them. Crossbowmen had their crossbows, tricky weapons which they had to keep in good working order. The most common firearm at the time was the harquebus, a heavy, slow-to-load rifle. Most expeditions had at least a few harquebusiers along. In Mexico, most conquistadors eventually abandoned their heavy armor in favor of the lighter, padded protection the Mexicans used. Horsemen used lances and swords. Larger campaigns might have some artillerymen and cannons along, as well as shot and powder. Loot and the Encomienda System Some conquistadors claimed that they were attacking the New World natives to spread Christianity and save the natives from damnation. Many of the conquistadors were, indeed, religious men. However, the conquistadors were far more interested in gold and loot. The Aztecs and Inca Empires were rich in gold, silver, precious stones, and other things the Spanish found less valuable, like brilliant clothes made of bird feathers. Conquistadors who participated in any successful campaign were given shares based on many factors. The king and the expedition leader (like Hernan Cortes) each received 20 percent of all loot. After that, it was divided up among the men. Officers and horsemen got a larger cut than foot soldiers, as did crossbowmen, harquebusiers, and artillerymen. After the King, officers, and other soldiers had all gotten their cut, there was often not much left for the common soldiers. One prize which could be used to buy off conquistadors was the gift of an encomienda. An encomienda was land given to a conquistador, usually with natives already living there. The word encomienda comes from a Spanish verb meaning to entrust. In theory, the conquistador or colonial official receiving an encomienda had the duty of providing protection and religious instruction to the natives on his land. In return, the natives would work in mines, produce food or trade goods, and so on. In practice, it was little more than slavery. Abuses The historical record abounds in examples of conquistadors murdering and tormenting native populations, and these horrors are far too numerous to list here. Defender of the Indies Fray Bartolomà © de las Casas listed many of them in his Brief Account of the Devastation of the Indies. The native populations of many Caribbean islands, such as Cuba, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico, were essentially wiped out by a combination of conquistador abuses and European diseases. During the conquest of Mexico, Cortes ordered a massacre of Cholulan noblemen. Only months later, Cortes lieutenant Pedro De Alvarado would do the same thing in Tenochtitlan. There are countless accounts of Spaniards torturing and murdering natives to obtain the location of the gold. One common technique was to burn the soles of someones feet to get them to talk. One example was Emperor Cuauhtà ©moc of the Mexica, whose feet were burned by the Spanish to make him tell them where they could find more gold. Famous Conquistadors Famous conquistadors who have been remembered in history include Francisco Pizarro, Juan Pizarro, Hernando Pizarro, Diego de Almagro, Diego Velazquez de Cuellar, Vasco Nunez de Balboa, Juan Ponce de Leon, Panfilo de Narvaez, Lope de Aguirre, and Francisco de Orellana. Legacy At the time of the conquest, Spanish soldiers were among the finest in the world. Spanish veterans from dozens of Europeans battlefields flocked to the New World, bringing their weapons, experience, and tactics with them. Their deadly combination of greed, religious zeal, ruthlessness, and superior weaponry proved too much for native armies to handle, especially when combined with lethal European diseases, such as smallpox, which decimated native ranks. Conquistadors left their marks culturally as well. They destroyed temples, melted down golden works of art, and burned native books and codices. Defeated natives were usually enslaved via the encomienda system, which persisted long enough to leave a cultural imprint on Mexico and Peru. The gold the conquistadors sent back to Spain began a Golden Age of imperial expansion, art, architecture, and culture. Sources Diaz del Castillo, Bernal. The Conquest of New Spain. Penguin Classics, John M. Cohen (Translator), Paperback, Penguin Books, August 30, 1963. Hassig, Ross. Aztec Warfare: Imperial Expansion and Political Control. The Civilization of the American Indian Series, First Edition Edition, University of Oklahoma Press, September 15, 1995. Las Casas, Bartolomà © de. The Devastation of the Indies: A Brief Account. Herma Briffault (Translator), Bill Donovan (Introduction), 1st Edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, February 1, 1992. Levy, Buddy. Conquistador: Hernan Cortes, King Montezuma, and the Last Stand of the Aztecs. Paperback, 6/28/09 edition, Bantam, July 28, 2009. Thomas, Hugh. Conquest: Cortes, Montezuma, and the Fall of Old Mexico. Paperback, Reprint edition, Simon Schuster, April 7, 1995. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-63331033592061672162019-11-23T20:02:00.001-08:002019-11-23T20:02:04.595-08:00Future Trends in Mechanical Engineering essaysFuture Trends in Mechanical Engineering essays According to the ASME International (American Society of Mechanical Engineers), job opportunities will increasingly grow over the next seven years (ASME). "By the year 2006, an estimated 16 percent more mechanical engineers will be employed in the United States than in 1996. This percent increase translates to a gain of 35,000 jobs, largely in the services sector of the U.S. economy, over the 10-year period" (ASME). The more mechanical engineers in the market, the more competition. Competition leads to the production of new technological items (ASME). The labor market of mechanical engineering will change as time goes on with the introduction of new technological breakthroughs sweeping the world (ASME). New trends include: the production of new materials that are structurally stronger and lighter than anything known, The miniaturization of medical instruments and other tools are trends of the future, flexible and programmable manufacturing systems allowing rapid switching from one product to another, and the ever-increasing role of personal computers in engineering design and analysis (ASME). An increasing amount of mechanical engineers will be needed to develop fuel cell and other types of energy technologies to help manage the environment with new government regulations (ASME). "Emerging occupations will arise because new technologies or new work organized around existing technologies pose new requirements," (ASME) Internationally, increasing populations and the growth of economies will create more jobs for environmental pollution control and electric power, telecommunications, and airline industries (ASME). Other job opportunities will be found in the high-tech area of vehicle guidance systems to solve the problem of automotive traffic congestion in many parts of the world (ASME). The global uncommonly will require all engineers to understand cultural diversity so that everybody can work in teams to strive to improve the fie... Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-49832334115142017862019-11-21T05:44:00.001-08:002019-11-21T05:44:04.832-08:00Teachers being forced into early retirement EssayTeachers being forced into early retirement - Essay Example This is the primary aim of teaching. And it is constitutionally justified that it is every personââ¬â¢s basic right to learn. Great teachers are rare. Majority would just make a career out of it because of lineage (a family profession), interest in children, or as a last career to pursue before finally retiring. A good teacher possesses an aptitude or a native capacity for teaching (Salandanan, 11). Kindness, creativity, and a genuine love for children are just some of the endearing traits of a great mentor. A more exceptional teacher would be one who is able to guide a student with intensity and much enthusiasm to make him/her discover his passion, and push him/her to go for it. But what if a good teacher retires? An early retirement option among teachers is now being much publicized and campaigned about to cut on budget costs of maintaining higher paid, senior-level education personnel. Most states in the US are now adopting the early retirement program because it is said to be the more advantageous option in terms of cutting expenses in budget allocations. Teachers should not be forced into early retirement. Early retirement should be voluntary and never forced. If a teacher is still capable of practicing this profession even beyond retirement age, then he/she should be allowed to do so. There are numerous reasons for this claim and these are as follows: * There will be a shortage of teachers as the population continues to boom in the coming years. By the year 2011, the world population is expected to reach 7 Billion (World Population). The increase in population is expected as the world population continues to rise. Parallel to this, there will be a corresponding increase in the population of school age children, hence, this will necessitate an increase in the need for education professionals. Despite efforts exerted by the government sector to limit population growth through various means like Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-77933212906996147792019-11-20T04:24:00.001-08:002019-11-20T04:24:03.199-08:00Risk Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2Risk Management - Essay Example Thus facility might be owned by local authorities or councils while the event might have a number of service providers such as medical and transport companies. The event must be executed in conformance with agreements signed with them. Next there is the inevitable risk of increasing costs as the project or the event gets under way. Itââ¬â¢s financially sacrosanct to control the eventââ¬â¢s costs within the budgeted limits. For example in the case of the above sports event the government might sanction limits on spending by local authorities. If the event management company fails to identify the degree of risk associated with overspending then itââ¬â¢s bound to fail. Similarly insurance costs associated with the event must be controlled. This goal is of very critical significance for the successful implementation of the event. For instance the greater the element of risk associated with an event the greater will be the insurance premium to be paid by the company to the insurer (Bannerman, 2008). For example in times and places where there is tension taking tourists to a site would involve a greater degree of risk. Thus in order to insure the tour, including the life and property (e.g. the bus) the insurer would demand a higher premium. Thus reducing the risk related premium as far as possible is an objective of the firm. Fifthly reducing over concern with risk is one of the goals in event risk management process (Williams, 1993). For example non-profit organizations have a tendency to reduce the risk element associated with event management by removing the anxiety of stakeholders. A non-profit organization involved in social welfare projects might plan an event like introducing a novel agricultural or farming technique to local farmers. The anxiety about the degree of risk associated with the adoption of the new technique might in fact increase the level of risk. Sixthly the organization must take into consideration the social Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-28566324486049972662019-11-17T16:54:00.001-08:002019-11-17T16:54:03.805-08:00Pride and Prejudice & The Merchant of Venice Essay Example for Free Pride and Prejudice The Merchant of Venice Essay Shakespeare and Jane Austen both present strong feeling of love, revenge, hatred and friendship. They are two different types of stories, ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ is a novel and ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ is a play so therefore they both have different ways of presenting strong feelings but they do have some similarities. In ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ strong feelings are presented by: 1. The Narrator 2. Letters 3. Dialogue Whereas in ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ strong feelings are presented by: 1. The characters 2. Long Speechââ¬â¢s One way that Jane Austen presents strong feelings is through letters. Throughout the play Jane Austen presents strong feelings of love, hatred or sorrow by writing letters, for example when Darcy writes a letter to Elizabeth after their heated conversation when Elizabeth rejects Darcyââ¬â¢s proposal, you can see what Darcy is feeling:- ââ¬Å"Pardon me, It pains me to offend youâ⬠You can clearly see that Mr Darcy thinks that this letter would upset Elizabeth because he says in the letter that he is so against the relationship between the relationship and possible marriage between Jane and Mr Bingley. In ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ Shakespeare present strong feelings through long speeches as ââ¬Å"The Merchant of Veniceâ⬠is a play, so the audience can see the strong feelings:- ââ¬Å"ââ¬â¢The pound of flesh which I demand of him is dearly bought; ââ¬Ëtis mine, and I will have itâ⬠pg. 70. This is when Shylock demands his pound of flesh of Bassanio. This long speech is when the Duke is questioning Shylocks unusual bond. Shylock the Jew is determined to take revenge and to take the pound of flesh. The ââ¬ËMerchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ is a play, so you cannot see feelings through letters; this is why Shakespeare presents strong feelings through speeches. Another way that Jane Austenââ¬â¢s novel and Shakespeareââ¬â¢s play are similar is that both stories have many relationships. Elizabeth and her sister Jane are very close and share secrets:- ââ¬Ëâ⬠When Elizabeth and Jane where aloneâ⬠¦ expressed to her sister how very much she admired himâ⬠ââ¬â¢ or pg. 309 Elizabeth has 4 sisters, Lydia, Kitty, Mary and Jane. Elizabeth and Jane are very close as they are similar in age, whereas the other sisters and much younger and Elizabeth thinks they are very immature. In ââ¬ËThe Merchant Of Veniceââ¬â¢ Antonio and Bassanio have a very close friendship you may even say that they are like brothers. Antonio agrees to the bond so he can lend money to Bassanio so he can go to Portia. You can see that they are very close as Antonio is willing to give his life for Bassanio. When Antonio is in the court and about to die, Bassanio is right by his side. ââ¬â¢Iââ¬â¢ll seal to such a bondââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ You shall not seal to such a bond for meââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ (Bassanio) Even though Bassanio wants to stop Antonio from agreeing the bond, Antonio is determined to seal the bond as he thinks his ships will be back within 3 months, but unfortunately they crash out at sea and all his money is lost. As well as strong friendships Jane Austen and Shakespeare also involve many relationships to sh ow strong feelings of love. In ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ Mr Darcy and Elizabeth have a strong relationship. Similarly, in ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ Jessica and Lancelot also have a strong relationship. In both stories they will do anything for love, even if it means betraying their religion or their social class. In ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ Mr Darcy thinks that having money and having social class is very important, so when he falls in love with Elizabeth; who hasnââ¬â¢t got much money and who hasnââ¬â¢t got social class and standing Mr Darcy feels ashamed that he loves Elizabeth but he still proposes to her even though all his friends think that this is wrong:- ââ¬Å"ââ¬â¢In vain I have struggled. It will not doâ⬠¦You must allow me to tell you how ardently I admire and love youââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ pg. 56 In ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ Jessica and Lancelot betray their religion. Jessica is a Jew and Lancelot is a Christian and even though they are not supposed to mix they still elope and get married:- ââ¬Å"ââ¬â¢Bestrew me but I love her heartilyââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ pg. 35 This makes Shylock, Jessicaââ¬â¢s dad very angry because when Jessica marries L ancelot she becomes a Christian. Another way that Jane Austen and Shakespeare present strong feelings in ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ and ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ is through strong characters. In both stories there are many characters, but the two main characters are Elizabeth and Shylock. They are both very strong minded and not afraid to speech their mind. In ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ Elizabeth is very different to other characters in the novel. Female characters in the novel believe that looking good, behaving well and keeping their feelings to themselves is very important, Elizabeth isnââ¬â¢t bothered about speaking out or not looking well, for example when Elizabeth walks to see her sister Jane in the Bingleys house, Bingleys sister and friend are very surprised that she walked all this way in the mud and they even say that it isnââ¬â¢t very ladylike! Lady Catherine De Bourgh who is very high in class asks Elizabeth if she wants to come to London with her, and Elizabeth says no. ââ¬Å"You are all kindness, Madam; but I believe we must abide by our original plan. â⬠Pg. 175 In ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ Shylock is very strong minded and is singled out of the play because he is a mean Jew that charges interest. Shylock is very stubborn and determined to keep to his bond; a pound of flesh of Antonio. ââ¬Å"ââ¬â¢If every ducat in six thousand ducats, Were in six parts, and every part a ducat, I would not draw them; I would have my bondââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ Pg. 9 This is from the scene when the trail takes place. This is when Bassanio offers Shylock 6 thousand ducats, but Bassanio fails as Shylock is determined to take a pound of flesh from Antonio no matter how many ducats Bassanio offers. Shakespeare presents Shylock as a horrid Jew so the story becomes interesting and that there is conflict between the Jew and the Chr istians. In addition Jane Austen and Shakespeare present strong feelings through the narrator in ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ and asides is ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢. This is a great way of showing feelings. In ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ the narrator is one of the main ways of showing feelings:- ââ¬Å"The contents of the letter threw Elizabeth into a flutter of spiritsâ⬠The narrator has been very successful putting an image into our heads of Elizabeth being thrown into a state or turmoil, having read her aunts letter in which she said how much she liked Mr Darcy. In ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ asides are used as it is a play, so there canââ¬â¢t be a narrator. Asides are where the character is talking to the audience and the other characters on the stage canââ¬â¢t hear:- ââ¬Å"[Aside] how like a fawning publican he looks! I hate him for he is a Christianâ⬠pg. 13 From this aside you can tell that Shylock has very strong feelings of hatred for Bassanio. In this scene the only people on stage are Shylock and Bassanio, so an aside is the perfect to show how Shylock is feeling without Bassanio knowing. In ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ Shakespeare uses repeated phrases to make an impact of strong feelings:- ââ¬Å"My daughter! O my ducats! O my daughter! Fled with a Christian! O my Christian ducats! My ducats and my Daughter! â⬠pg. 40 This is when Solanio is mocking Shylock when he realises that his daughter has eloped with a Christian. From these repeated phrases the audience can see that Solanio is emphasising Shylocks utter despair for his ducats and his daughter. Jane Austen and Shakespeare present strong feelings through prejudice. In ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ there is prejudice against woman and people without lots of money. In ââ¬ËPride and Prejudieââ¬â¢ woman only existed to be married off. Unless there familyââ¬â¢s had lots of money this was very difficult and they would be at the mercy of men who might take pity of them or who had no chance of marrying well themselves. ââ¬Å"She is luckily too poor to be an object of prey to anybodyâ⬠pg. 92 This quote shows prejudice. Mr Bennet and Elizabeth are talking about Lydiaââ¬â¢s trip Brighton, Elizabeth is worried that she will marry the wrong man, but Mr Bennet isnââ¬â¢t too worried as Lydia is too poor so no man will take interest in her. In ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ the Christians are prejudice against the Jews. All the Christians hate them just because they arenââ¬â¢t Christians, they are only tolerated because they are good business people and money lenders. When they go out of the ghetto they have to where reds barets so everyone could see that they are Jews and so they stand out. Shakespeare presents strong feelings. There are many times that Antonio calls him a dog. This shows that Shakespeare also uses repeated phrases to make a big impact to the audience:- ââ¬Å"You call me misbeliever, cut-throat dog, and spit upon my Jewish gabardineâ⬠pg. 15 This shows how Antonio despises the Jews, and this is what prejudice is. Jane Austenââ¬â¢s novel, ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ and Shakespeare play, ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ where written in two completely different time periods. ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ was written in 1596, because it is so late in history the language that Shakespeare uses is very old and different from other plays. In 1596, many people could not read so a play was very useful. The audience for ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ would manly be suited for the older generation. ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ was written in 1813, many more people could read in 1813 so an interesting novel was well suited. The novel was aimed at readers like characters in the novel. Both Jane Austen and Shakespeare wrote many stories that people still read today. Another way that Jane Austen and Shakespeare present strong feelings is through the behaviour of the characters. From showing strong feeling through behaviour the reader or audience can clearly see what the characters feeling for whatever the emotion is. In ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ the behaviour of the characters is very important as we can see what they are feeling:- ââ¬Å"Oh my dear Eliza! Pray make haste and come into the dining room, for there is such a sight to be seen! â⬠pg. 132 From this quote you can clearly see that Maria, Charlotteââ¬â¢s sister, is incredibly excited that Lady Catherine has arrived at her house, but she makes a mistake, itââ¬â¢s only Mrs Jenkinson. Jane Austen presents strong feeling in this quote of excitement and anticipation. In ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ there is many strong feelings presents by Shakespeare through behaviour. Shakespeare presents these strong feelings through behaviour so the audience can see what the character is feeling. ââ¬Å"O noble judge, O excellent young man! â⬠pg. 76 This is when Portia, disguised as the judge says Shylock can have his bond; a pound of flesh of Antonio. Shakespeare present Shylock very excited and happy through his behaviour and the tone of voice that Shakespeare makes Shylock use. Furthermore, Jane Austen and Shakespeare present strong feelings in ââ¬ËPride and Prejudiceââ¬â¢ and ââ¬ËThe Merchant of Veniceââ¬â¢ through points of great intensity. This is a great way that the reader and audience can see strong feeling and great intensity! Elizabeth finds out that Darcy has been instrumental in getting her sister and Bingley together, which makes her very happy. After rumours of a forthcoming engagement between Darcy and Elizabeth start to surface before Darcy has even proposed, Elizabeth is more than a little anxious when she and Darcy take a walk together. Elizabethââ¬â¢s feelings towards Darcy have completely changes since his first proposal, the two are now both in love with each other, by Darcy is not sure of this and says: ââ¬Å"If your feelings are still what they were last April, tell me so at onceâ⬠pg. 303 This moment is a moment of great intensity for the reader as you are not sure that Elizabeth is going to say! The reader can become very anxious for Darcy and Elizabeth. Jane Austen shows feelings through this scene because it is a very good way for the reader to become a part of the book. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5114170758097377209.post-27895034652248504542019-11-15T05:25:00.001-08:002019-11-15T05:25:04.680-08:00The 21st Century School Librarian Essay -- EducationThe 21st Century school librarian is no longer just the caretaker of the book collection. Technology is transforming the education system and the way children are taught. This paper discusses the many roles and issues that the teacher-librarian plays in creating a flexible 21st Century learning environment. 21ST Century School Library Media Specialist The roles discussed in the articles written by school librarians Mashriqi (2011), Ballard (2008), and Marcoux (2010) were similar in strategies needed for running an effective media center today. The common theme was the importance in being able to evaluate what will help the school meet the needs of todays learners and to connect the curriculum with ââ¬Å"hands-onâ⬠learning experiences. By demonstrating knowledge and current technological skills the media specialist connects the library with teachers, students, administration and parents with information and resources to promote literacy. Technology integration is accomplished by using resources that reflect content standards. To focus on the relationship between education technology and student learning engaging games is one way to achieve the goals with positive results. Digital Tools Todaysââ¬â¢ school library media specialist applies trends related to the use of technology in education to support integration throughout the curriculum. Being literate in the 21st Century involves teaching both ââ¬Å"traditionalâ⬠literacy and how to read and produce the kinds of texts typical of the emerging information and multimedia age. Benthem (2010) points out that to have an effective school library program it needs to be an ongoing work in progress. Literacy development does impact student learning through the use of digital technologies, includ... ...upport emergent literacy skill development for young children at-risk or who have disabilities. Early Childhood Education Journal, 36(3), 233-239. Peterson, J. (2011). Finding focus: Using digital cameras in library programming. Children & Libraries: The Journal of the Association for Library Service to Children, 9(3), 48-51. Poinier, S., & Alevy, J. (2010). Our instruction does matter! Data collected from students' works cited speaks volumes. Teacher Librarian, 37(3), 38-39. Sugar, W., & Holloman, H. (2009). Technology leaders wanted: Acknowledging the leadership role of a technology coordinator. TechTrends: Linking Research & Practice to Improve Learning, 53(6), 66-75. Zabel, D., & Hickey, D. (2011). The reuse evangelist: Taking ownership of copyright questions at your library. Reference & User Services Quarterly, 51(1), 9-11. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15566274304904827861noreply@blogger.com0